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首页> 外文期刊>Polar biology >Population Growth And Density, Diet And Breeding Success Of Striated Caracaras Phalcoboenus Australis On New Island, Falkland Islands
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Population Growth And Density, Diet And Breeding Success Of Striated Caracaras Phalcoboenus Australis On New Island, Falkland Islands

机译：福克兰群岛新岛上的斑纹长腿锦囊（Caracaras Phalcoboenus Australis）的种群生长和密度，饮食及繁殖成功

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The striated caracara is a rare and specialised raptor, with a distribution restricted to outer islands of southern South America and the Falklands, where it lives in a unique obligate association with seabirds and seals. Despite its tameness, interesting adaptations and the fact that it is classified as near-threatened, there is virtually no published quantitative information on its demography, ecology and behaviour. We carried out a study on New Island, West Falklands, where the species was eradicated due to heavy persecution up to the 1960s. Recolonisation started after 1972 and presently there are an estimated 85 adult territorial pairs plus ca. 130 non-territorial immatures, representing an overall density of 15.5 striated caracaras per km~2. The population is estimated to have increased by 15% per year over the past 3 decades, with the result that New Island now harbours the largest known breeding aggregation on a single island in the entire breeding range of the species. The spring and summer diet of striated caracaras on New Island is dominated by one small seabird, the thin-billed prion Pachyptila belcheri. An estimated 25,000 adult and sub-adult prions are consumed every year, but this possibly represents less than 1% of the local population. The diet of different pairs displayed significant differences, which were probably related to differences in the availability of prey types between territories. Breeding success in recent years was very high, suggesting that conditions are good and the population may not yet have reached the island's carrying capacity.
机译：横纹长腿ac是一种罕见的专业猛禽，其分布仅限于南美南部和福克兰群岛的外岛，在那里它们与海鸟和海豹有着独特的专一联系。尽管它的驯服，有趣的改编以及被列为濒临灭绝的事实，但实际上还没有关于其人口统计学，生态学和行为的公开量化信息。我们在西福克兰群岛的新岛进行了一项研究，该物种在1960年代由于严重的迫害而被根除。重新殖民化始于1972年之后，目前估计有85对成年领地，加上130个非领土的未成熟幼体，每平方公里2的总密度为15.5条纹卡拉卡拉斯。据估计，在过去的30年中，该种群每年以15％的速度增长，其结果是，新岛现在是该物种整个繁殖范围内单个岛上最大的已知繁殖种群。新岛上条纹长腿类动物的春季和夏季饮食主要由一只小海鸟（细嘴病毒Pachyptila belcheri）主导。估计每年消耗25,000个成人和亚成人病毒，但这可能不足当地人口的1％。不同对的饮食显示出显着差异，这可能与领土之间猎物类型的可利用性差异有关。近年来的繁殖成功率很高，这表明条件良好，人口可能尚未达到该岛的承载能力。

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