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Lesson-drawing and public policy: secondhand smoking restrictions in Scotland and England

机译：借鉴经验和公共政策：苏格兰和英格兰的二手烟限制

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摘要

The dangers associated with the use of tobacco products have been documented extensively in the literature on public health and tobacco control. As a result, various countries, including subcentral units in federations and other devolved political systems, have adopted policies to control tobacco consumption. This article examines the effects lesson-drawing had on the adoption of restrictive secondhand smoke policies in Scotland and England in 2006 and 2007. Using elite intervicws and documentary sources, the study finds that in both countries secondhand smoke policies were influenced by the adoption of similar policies in other English-speaking jurisdictions, especially the nearby Republic of Ireland. In turn, the adoption of a non-smoking policy in Scotland influenced England. This confirms Castles' (1993) claim of similar policies developing in the English-speaking 'family of nations' even at different levels of government. Policy transfer from Ireland to the United Kingdom is highly unusual, as is lesson-drawing from another jurisdiction within the United Kingdom to England. This may have occurred because the policy is fundamentally declaratory but with some need for compliance checks that are not resource-intensive. This path of lesson-drawing may be rare in the United Kingdom, but it may have broader implications for different types of lesson-drawing in multilevel governance.
机译：有关烟草制品使用的危险已在有关公共卫生和烟草控制的文献中得到了广泛记载。结果，各国，包括联邦的中央机构和其他权力下放的政治体系，都采取了控制烟草消费的政策。本文研究了吸取教训对苏格兰和英格兰在2006年和2007年采用限制性二手烟政策的影响。该研究使用精英侦探和文献资料，发现在这两个国家，二手烟政策均受到类似法规的采用的影响。其他英语地区（尤其是附近的爱尔兰共和国）的政策。反过来，苏格兰采取的禁烟政策影响了英格兰。这证实了卡斯尔（Castles，1993）的主张，即说英语的“国际大家庭”即使在不同的政府级别也制定了类似的政策。从爱尔兰到英国的政策转移是非常不寻常的，从英国另​​一个司法管辖区到英国的经验教训也是如此。之所以会发生这种情况，是因为该政策从根本上是声明性的，但需要进行一些不占用大量资源的合规性检查。这种汲取经验的途径在英国可能很少见，但它可能对多层次治理中不同类型的汲取经验产生更广泛的影响。

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