This paper presents a practical expert system for the diagnosis of various faults which may occur in distribution substations. The backward inexact reasoning process is applied for the fault section estimation using the knowledge of topology, the operation rules of protective devices, heuristic knowledge of well-trained operators, and instantaneous alarms. In this paper, the overall structure, detailed knowledge-base and the efficiency of general methodology based on topology are discussed. The proposed system has been tested in a local control center in Korea as a part of an intelligent guidance system for the SCADA operators.
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