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MONITORING THE THERMAL STRESS STATE IN STEAM TURBINES

机译：监测蒸汽轮机中的热应力状态

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摘要

The principles of a program for monitoring stresses in rotors and bodies of stop and control valves of nonreheat steam turbines of up to 180 MW capacity to control the startup processes are formulated. The program based on the experimental data obtained by the VTI and ORGRES and calculated results obtained with the finite-element method is intended for microcomputers with hardware integrated into the electronics of the control system or the automatic process control system. Using the data from the regular control and measuring instruments, the program estimates the stresses in the “critical” elements of the steam turbine, compares them with the level permissible for the material, depending on the operating temperatures, service life, design and other parameters, and generates signals to adjust the startup process. The equivalent operating hours can also be calculated to assess the quality of startups and shutdown processes, accumulated damage, and relative past life. These data can be taken into account when deciding on maintenance operations. The algorithm of the stress monitoring system is implemented in the program limiting the rate of spinup and power change from the thermal stress state of the rotors of the high- and intermediate-pressure cylinders of the T-185/210 – 16.0 turbine.
机译：制定了用于监测转子和蒸汽汽轮机的转子和控制阀的压力的程序的原理，其制定了高达180 MW控制启动过程的能力。基于由VTI和矿物和用有限元方法获得的矿石和计算结果获得的实验数据的程序旨在为具有集成到控制系统的电子设备或自动过程控制系统的硬件的微型计算机。使用来自常规控制和测量仪器的数据，程序估计蒸汽轮机的“临界”元件中的应力，将它们与材料允许的水平进行比较，这取决于操作温度，使用寿命，设计和其他参数，并生成信号以调整启动过程。等同的工作时间也可以计算以评估启动和关闭过程，累积损坏和相对过去的生命的质量。在决定维护操作时，可以考虑这些数据。压力监测系统的算法在节目中实现了限制T-185 / 210-16.0涡轮机的高压和中压缸的转子的热应力状态的旋转速率和功率变化的速率。

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