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Forensic engineering and collapse databases

机译：法医工程和崩溃数据库

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摘要

Collapses in civil engineering are not uncommon. Some cases become known worldwide but, in many cases, the details only reach the limited audience of the client and companies directly involved. In these latter situations, after in-depth analysis of the disaster, useful information could have been obtained and shared. Collapses of structures can result from many factors (loading, material, organisation, lack of maintenance, etc.) but analysis of failures can always identify lessons for improved practice. Forensic engineering based on post-mortem analysis aims to understand the reason for failures in order to learn useful lessons. At the present time, however, forensic engineering is still an unknown concept for many French engineers. This paper demonstrates from general considerations, with a few examples, what can be gained from collating 'collapse experiences' on a more formal basis. Three famous French cases of collapse are analysed. The use of organised feedback and databases for risk management in civil engineering projects, for teaching and for improving the quality of work is explained.
机译：土木工程的崩溃并不少见。某些情况在世界范围内广为人知，但在许多情况下，详细信息仅覆盖有限的客户群体和直接涉及的公司。在后一种情况下，经过对灾难的深入分析，本可以获取和共享有用的信息。结构崩溃可能是由许多因素（负载，材料，组织，缺乏维护等）导致的，但是对故障的分析始终可以为改进实践提供经验教训。基于事后分析的法医工程旨在了解失败的原因，以便学习有用的课程。但是，目前，法医工程对于许多法国工程师来说仍然是一个未知的概念。本文通过一些一般性的例子来说明，从更正式的基础上整理“崩溃经验”可以得到什么。分析了三个法国著名的崩溃案例。解释了将有组织的反馈和数据库用于土木工程项目中的风险管理，教学和提高工作质量的情况。

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