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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers >Short-run impact of electricity storage on CO2 emissions in power systems with high penetrations of wind power: A case-study of Ireland
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Short-run impact of electricity storage on CO2 emissions in power systems with high penetrations of wind power: A case-study of Ireland

机译：储能对风电渗透率高的电力系统中二氧化碳排放的短期影响：爱尔兰的案例研究

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摘要

This article studies the impact on CO2 emissions of electrical storage systems in power systems with high penetrations of wind generation. Using the Irish All-Island power system as a case-study, data on the observed dispatch of each large generator for the years 2008 to 2012 was used to estimate a marginal emissions factor of 0.547kgCO(2)/kWh. Selected storage operation scenarios were used to estimate storage emissions factors - the carbon emissions impact associated with each unit of storage energy used. The results show that carbon emissions increase in the short-run for all storage technologies when consistently operated in peak shaving and trough filling' modes, and indicate that this should also be true for the GB and US power systems. Carbon emissions increase when storage is operated in wind balancing' mode, but reduce when storage is operated to reduce wind power curtailment, as in this case wind power operates on the margin. For power systems where wind is curtailed to maintain system stability, the results show that energy storage technologies that provide synthetic inertia achieve considerably greater carbon reductions. The results highlight a tension for policy makers and investors in storage, as scenarios based on the operation of storage for economic gains increase emissions, while those that decrease emissions are unlikely to be economically favourable. While some scenarios indicate storage increases emissions in the short-run, these should be considered alongside long-run assessments, which indicate that energy storage is essential to the secure operation of a fossil fuel-free grid.
机译：本文研究了具有高风速发电的电力系统对蓄电系统二氧化碳排放的影响。使用爱尔兰全岛电力系统作为案例研究，使用2008年至2012年观察到的每台大型发电机的调度数据来估计边际排放因子为0.547kgCO（2）/ kWh。使用选定的存储操作方案来估计存储排放因子-与所使用的每个存储能量单位相关的碳排放影响。结果表明，在以“调峰和低谷填充”模式持续运行的情况下，所有存储技术的碳排放量短期内都会增加，这表明英国和美国的电力系统也应如此。当存储在风平衡模式下运行时，碳排放量会增加，但是当存储操作以减少风力发电时，碳排放量会减少，因为在这种情况下，风力发电的边际成本较低。对于减少风以保持系统稳定性的电力系统，结果表明，提供合成惯性的储能技术可实现更大的碳减排量。结果凸显了决策者和投资者在存储方面的紧张局势，因为基于存储的运行以获取经济利益的情景会增加排放，而减少排放的情景在经济上不太可能是有利的。虽然某些情况表明存储会在短期内增加排放，但应与长期评估一起考虑，这表明能量存储对于无化石燃料电网的安全运行至关重要。

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