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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >THE WEEDINESS OF WILD PLANTS - MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF GENES INFLUENCING DISPERSAL AND PERSISTENCE OF JOHNSONGRASS, SORGHUM HALEPENSE (L) PERS
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THE WEEDINESS OF WILD PLANTS - MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF GENES INFLUENCING DISPERSAL AND PERSISTENCE OF JOHNSONGRASS, SORGHUM HALEPENSE (L) PERS

机译：野生植物的杂草-影响约翰逊草，高粱（P）的约翰逊氏菌的分布和持续力的基因的分子分析

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摘要

Many major weeds rely upon vegetative dispersal by rhizomes and seed dispersal by ''shattering'' of the mature inflorescence. We report molecular analysis of these traits in a cross between cultivated and wild species of Sorghum that are the probable progenitors of the major weed ''johnsongrass.'' By restriction fragment length polymorphism mapping, variation in the number of rhizomes producing above-ground shoots was associated with three quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Variation in regrowth (ratooning) after overwintering was associated with QTLs accounting for additional rhizomatous growth and with QTLs influencing tillering. Vegetative buds that become rhizomes are similar to those that become tillers-one QTL appears to influence the number of such vegetative buds available, and additional independent genes determine whether individual buds differentiate into tillers or rhizomes. DNA markers described herein facilitate cloning of genes associated with weediness, comparative study of rhizomatousness in other Poaceae, and assessment of gene flow between cultivated and weedy sorghums-a risk that constrains improvement of sorghum through biotechnology. Cloning of ''weediness'' genes may create opportunities for plant growth regulation, in suppressing propagation of weeds and enhancing productivity of major forage, turf, and ''ratoon'' crops. [References: 33]
机译：许多主要杂草依靠根茎进行营养分散，并依靠成熟花序的“粉碎”来分散种子。我们报告了高粱栽培和野生物种（可能是主要杂草“ johnsongrass”的祖先）杂交后的这些性状的分子分析。通过限制性片段长度多态性作图，产生地上芽的根茎数量的变化与三个数量性状基因座（QTL）相关。越冬后再生长的变化（响闹）与QTL相关，QTL导致了额外的根茎生长，并且QTL影响了分till。成为根茎的营养芽与变为分till的植物相似，一个QTL似乎会影响可用的营养芽的数量，另外的独立基因决定单个芽是分化为分ers还是根茎。本文所述的DNA标记有助于克隆与杂草相关的基因，比较其他禾本科植物的根茎性以及研究栽培高粱和杂草高粱之间的基因流动-通过生物技术限制高粱生长的风险。克隆“杂草”基因可能为调节植物生长，抑制杂草繁殖和提高主要草料，草皮和“褐头”作物的生产力创造机会。 [参考：33]

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