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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >CryPtocyanin, a crustacean molting protein: Evolutionary link with arthropod hemocyanins and insect hexamerins
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CryPtocyanin, a crustacean molting protein: Evolutionary link with arthropod hemocyanins and insect hexamerins

机译：CryPtocyanin，甲壳类蜕皮蛋白：与节肢动物血蓝蛋白和昆虫六聚体的进化联系

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摘要

Cryptocyanin, a copper-free hexameric protein in crab (Cancer maper) hemolymph, has been characterized and the amino acid sequence has been deduced from its cDNA. 1t is markedly similar in sequence, size, and structure to hemocyanin, the copper-containing oxygentransport protein found in many arthropods. Cryptocyanin does not bind oxygen, however and lacks three of the six highly conserved copper-binding histidine residues of hemocyanin. Cryptocyanin has no phenoloxidase activity, although a phe- noloxidase is present in the hemolymph. The concentration of cryPtocyanin in the hemolymph is closely coordinated with the molt cycle and reaches levels higher than hemocyanin during premolt. Cryptocyanin resembles insect hexamerins in the lack of copper, molt cycle patterns of biosynthesis, and Potential contributions to the new exoskeleton. Phylogenetic anaIysis of sequence similaritics between cryptocyanin and other members of the hemocyanin gene family shows that cryptocyanin is closely associated with crustacean hemocyanins and suggests that cryptocyanin arose as a result of a hemocyanin gene duplication. The presence of both hemocyanin and cryptocyanin in one animal provides an example of how insect hexamerins might have evolved from hemocyanin. Our results suggest that multiple members of the hemocyanin gene familyhemocyanin, cryptocyanin, phenoIoxidase, and hexamerins--may participate in two vital functions of molting animaIs, oxygen binding and molting. Cryptocyanin may provide important molecular data to further investigate evolutionary relationships among all molting ani
机译：Cryptocyanin是蟹（Cancer maper）血淋巴中的一种无铜六聚体蛋白，已被表征，其氨基酸序列已从其cDNA推导。 1t的序列，大小和结构与血蓝蛋白（在许多节肢动物中发现的含铜氧转运蛋白）明显相似。隐花青素不结合氧，但是缺乏血色素的六个高度保守的铜结合组氨酸残基中的三个。尽管血淋巴中存在苯酚氧化酶，但隐花青素没有酚氧化酶活性。血淋巴中cryPtocyanin的浓度与蜕皮周期密切相关，并在预蜕皮过程中达到高于血色素的水平。隐花青素类似于昆虫六聚体，缺乏铜，生物合成的蜕皮循环模式以及对新外骨骼的潜在贡献。隐花色素与血蓝蛋白基因家族其他成员之间的序列相似性的系统发育分析表明，隐花色素与甲壳类血蓝蛋白密切相关，并暗示隐花色素是由于血蓝蛋白基因重复而产生的。一只动物中同时存在血蓝蛋白和隐花青素，提供了昆虫六聚体可能是如何从血蓝蛋白进化而来的一个例子。我们的结果表明，血蓝蛋白基因家族的多个成员血蓝蛋白，隐花青素，苯氧合酶和六聚体可能参与蜕皮动物的两个重要功能，即氧结合和蜕皮。隐花青素可能提供重要的分子数据，以进一步研究所有蜕皮动物之间的进化关系

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