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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >SIGNALING IN PLANTS
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SIGNALING IN PLANTS

机译：植物信号

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Higher plants are sessile organisms that perceive environmental cues such as light and chemical signals and respond by changing their morphologies, Signaling pathways utilize a complex network of interactions to orchestrate biochemical and physiological responses such as flowering, fruit ripening, germination, photosynthetic regulation, and shoot or root development, In this session, the mechanisms of signaling systems that trigger plant responses to light and to the gaseous hormone, ethylene, were discussed, These signals are first sensed by a receptor and transmitted to the nucleus by a complex network, A signal may be transmitted to the nucleus by any of several systems including GTP binding proteins (G proteins), which change activity upon GTP binding; protein kinase cascades, which sequentially phosphorylate and activate a series of proteins; and membrane ion channels, which change ionic characteristics of the cells, The signal is manifested in the nucleus as a change in the activity of DNA-binding proteins, which are transcription factors that specifically interact and modulate the regulatory regions of genes, Thus, detection of an environmental signal is transmitted through a transduction pathway, and changes in transcription factor activity may coordinate changes In the expression of a portfolio of genes to direct new developmental programs. [References: 7]
机译：高等植物是固着生物，能够感知环境线索，例如光和化学信号，并通过改变其形态来响应。信号通路利用复杂的相互作用网络来协调生化和生理响应，例如开花，果实成熟，发芽，光合调节和芽或根系发育，在本节中，讨论了引发植物对光和气态激素乙烯反应的信号传导系统的机制。这些信号首先由受体感知，并通过复杂的网络传递至细胞核。可以通过包括GTP结合蛋白（G蛋白）在内的几种系统中的任何一种传递至细胞核，这些系统会在GTP结合后改变活性；蛋白激酶级联，依次磷酸化并激活一系列蛋白；和膜离子通道，改变细胞的离子特性。信号在细胞核中表现为DNA结合蛋白活性的变化，DNA结合蛋白是特异性相互作用并调节基因调节区域的转录因子，因此，环境信号的传递通过转导途径传递，转录因子活性的变化可以协调基因组合的表达变化，以指导新的发育程序。 [参考：7]

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