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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Anterior axis duplication in Xenopus induced by the over-expression of the cadherin-binding protein plakoglobin.
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Anterior axis duplication in Xenopus induced by the over-expression of the cadherin-binding protein plakoglobin.

机译：钙黏着蛋白结合蛋白plagoglobin的过表达诱导非洲爪蟾前轴重复。

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摘要

Plakoglobin interacts with both classical and desmosomal cadherins. It is closely related to Drosophila aramadillo (arm) gene product; arm acts in the wingless (wg)-signaling pathway to establish segment polarity. In Xenopus, homologs of wg--i.e., wnts, can produce anterior axis duplications by inducing dorsal mesoderm. Studies in Drosophila suggest that wnt acts by increasing the level of cytoplasmic armadillo protein (arm). To test whether simply increasing the level of plakoglobin mimics the effects of exogenous wnts in Xenopus, we injected fertilized eggs with RNA encoding an epitope-tagged form of plakoglobin; this induced both early radial gastrulation and anterior axis duplication. Exogenous plakoglobin accumulates in the nuclei of embryonic cells. Plakoglobin binds to the tail domain of the desmosomal cadherin desmoglein 1. When RNA encoding the tail domain of desmoglein was coinjected with plakoglobin RNA, both the dorsalizing effect and nuclear accumulation of plakoglobin were suppressed. Mutational analysis indicates that the central arm repeat region of plakoglobin is sufficient to induce axis duplication and that this polypeptide accumulates in the nuclei of embryonic cells. These data show that increased plakoglobin levels can, by themselves, generate the intracellular signals involved in the specification of dorsal mesoderm.
机译：血浆珠蛋白与经典和桥粒钙粘蛋白相互作用。它与果蝇aramadillo（arm）基因产物密切相关。臂在无翼（wg）信号通路中起作用，以建立区段极性。在非洲爪蟾中，wg的同系物（即wnts）可以通过诱导背中皮产生前轴重复。果蝇研究表明，wnt通过增加胞质犰狳蛋白（arm）的水平起作用。为了测试是否简单地增加plagloglobin的水平模拟非洲爪蟾的外源性wnts的影响，我们向受精卵中注入了编码plagoglobin的表位标记形式的RNA。这引起了早期的gas行和前轴重复。外源性珠蛋白聚集在胚胎细胞的细胞核中。珠蛋白结合到桥粒钙粘蛋白桥粒蛋白1的尾部结构域上。当将编码桥粒蛋白尾部结构域的RNA与铂蛋白珠RNA一起注射时，铂蛋白珠蛋白的背背作用和核积累均被抑制。突变分析表明，珠蛋白的中心臂重复区域足以诱导轴重复，并且该多肽积聚在胚胎细胞的细胞核中。这些数据表明，增加的珠蛋白水平可以单独产生涉及背中胚层规格的细胞内信号。

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