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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Mechanisms for the pleiotropic effects of the agouti gene
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Mechanisms for the pleiotropic effects of the agouti gene

机译：agouti基因的多效性作用机制

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摘要

The agouti locus is one of several classic genetic loci that affect the coat color of mice. The wild-type agouti phenotype, exemplified by dorsal coat hairs that are black with a single subapical band of yellow and lighter-colored ventral hairs, is found in many mammals including animals of the genera Mus (mice), Oryctola-gus (rabbits), Sciurus (squirrels), and Cards (wolves) (reviewed in ref. 1). Much interest has focused on the agouti gene because several dominant mutations result in mice that exhibit adult onset obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and noninsulin-dependent diabetes. In addition, mice carrying dominant agouti mutations show an increased susceptibility to a variety of spontaneous and/or induced solid tumors. These mutations provide potential animal models of human disease, and the mouse provides an organism amenable to molecular genetic, biochemical, physiological, and pharmacological manipulations to investigate the causes and treatments of these diseases. The mechanism of action of the agouti gene in all of these pheno-types is under intense investigation. Several recent papers including two in this issue by Klebig et al and Zemel et al now shed light on some modes of action of the agouti protein as well as provide models for in vivo and in vitro tests of agouti function.
机译：刺豚鼠基因座是影响小鼠皮毛颜色的几种经典遗传基因座之一。在许多哺乳动物中都发现了野生型刺豚鼠的表型，例如背背毛是黑色的，顶端是黄色的和浅色的腹毛的单根尖带，在许多哺乳动物中都发现了，包括Mus（小鼠）属，Oryctola-gus（兔） ，松鼠（松鼠）和卡（狼）（参见参考文献1）。许多关注点都集中在了刺豚鼠基因上，因为一些显性突变导致小鼠表现出成年肥胖，高胰岛素血症和非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病。另外，携带显性刺豚鼠突变的小鼠对各种自发性和/或诱导性实体瘤的敏感性增加。这些突变为人类疾病提供了潜在的动物模型，小鼠为分子生物学，生物化学，生理学和药理学操作提供了一种有机体，以研究这些疾病的原因和治疗方法。在所有这些表型中，刺豚鼠基因的作用机理正在深入研究中。目前，Klebig等人和Zemel等人在本期中发表的两篇论文，其中包括两篇，阐明了刺豚鼠蛋白的某些作用方式，并提供了体内和体外试验刺豚鼠功能的模型。

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