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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Genetic code translation displays a linear trade-off between efficiency and accuracy of tRNA selection
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Genetic code translation displays a linear trade-off between efficiency and accuracy of tRNA selection

机译：遗传密码翻译显示了tRNA选择效率和准确性之间的线性权衡

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摘要

Rapid and accurate translation of the genetic code into protein is fundamental to life. Yet due to lack of a suitable assay, little is known about the accuracy-determining parameters and their correlation with translational speed. Here, we develop such an assay, based on Mg~(2+) concentration changes, to determine maximal accuracy limits for a complete set of single-mismatch codon-antic-odon interactions. We found a simple, linear trade-off between efficiency of cognate codon reading and accuracy of tRNA selection. The maximal accuracy was highest for the second codon position and lowest for the third. The results rationalize the existence of proofreading in code reading and have implications for the understanding of tRNA modifications, as well as of translation error-modulating ribosomal mutations and antibiotics. Finally, the results bridge the gap between in vivo and in vitro translation and allow us to calibrate our test tube conditions to represent the environment inside the living cell.
机译：快速，准确地将遗传密码翻译成蛋白质是生命的基础。然而，由于缺乏合适的测定方法，关于精确度确定参数及其与翻译速度的相关性知之甚少。在这里，我们基于Mg〜（2+）浓度的变化开发了一种测定方法，以确定一套完整的单错配密码子-反-密码子相互作用的最大准确度极限。我们发现同源密码子阅读效率与tRNA选择准确性之间存在简单的线性权衡。第二个密码子位置的最大准确度最高，第三个密码子位置的最低准确度。结果合理化了代码阅读中校对的存在，并且对理解tRNA修饰以及调节翻译错误的核糖体突变和抗生素产生了影响。最后，结果弥合了体内和体外翻译之间的鸿沟，并允许我们校准试管条件以代表活细胞内部的环境。

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