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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Paramecium expel spears to evade threats
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Paramecium expel spears to evade threats

机译：草履虫驱逐长矛逃避威胁

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摘要

Trichocysts are spear-like organelles that line the plasma membrane of the protist Paramecium and can be ejected out of the cell in response to stimuli. The purpose of trichocysts is unknown, though researchers have proposed that they may act as a defense or as hunting tools. Amandine Hamel et al. (pp. 7290-7295) used a laser to create hot spots in fluid surrounding single Paramecium cells, and observed how the cells reacted to the rapid temperature rise. The researchers found that when the lasers were 40 μm or greater from the cell, Paramecium used coordinated cilia movements to swim away from the stimulus, but at short distances, the cells expelled trichocysts toward the laser beam, allowing the cell to "jump" in the opposite direction.
机译：毛滴虫是矛状的细胞器，排列在原虫草履虫的质膜上，可以响应刺激而从细胞中弹出。毛囊的目的尚不明确，尽管研究人员提出它们可能充当防御或狩猎工具。 Amandine Hamel等。 （第7290-7295页）使用激光在单个草履虫细胞周围的流体中产生热点，并观察了细胞如何对快速的温度升高做出反应。研究人员发现，当激光距离细胞40μm或更大时，草履虫使用协调的纤毛运动从刺激中游走，但在很短的距离内，细胞将毛囊囊体朝着激光束排出，从而使细胞在细胞内“跳跃”。相反的方向。

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