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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Rare gene capture in predominantly androgenetic species
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Rare gene capture in predominantly androgenetic species

机译：主要在雄激素物种中捕获稀有基因

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摘要

The long-term persistence of completely asexual species is unexpected. Although asexuality has short-term evolutionary advantages, a lack of genetic recombination leads to the accumulation over time of deleterious mutations. The loss of individual fitness as a result of accumulated deleterious mutations is expected to lead to reduced population fitness and possible lineage extinction. Persistent lineages of asexual, all-female clones (parthenogenetic and gynogenetic species) avoid the negative effects of asexual reproduction through the production of rare males, or otherwise exhibit some degree of genetic recombination. Another form of asexuality, known as androgenesis, results in offspring that are clones of the male parent. Several species of the Asian clam genus Corbicula reproduce via androgenesis. We compared gene trees of mitochondrial and nuclear loci from multiple sexual and androgenetic species across the global distribution of Corbicula to test the hypothesis of long-term clonality of the androgenetic species. Our results indicate that low levels of genetic capture of maternal nuclear DNA from other species occur within otherwise androgenetic lineages of Corbicula. The rare capture of genetic material from other species may allow androgenetic lineages of Corbicula to mitigate the effects of deleterious mutation accumulation and increase potentially adaptive variation. Models comparing the relative advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction should consider the possibility of rare genetic recombination, because such events seem to be nearly ubiquitous among otherwise asexual species.
机译：完全无性物种的长期存在是无法预料的。尽管无性恋具有短期进化优势，但缺乏基因重组会导致有害突变随时间积累。由于累积的有害突变而导致的个体适应性丧失预计会导致种群适应性降低和可能的谱系灭绝。无性，全雌性克隆（单性生殖和雌性生殖物种）的持久世系避免了通过生产稀有雄性而产生无性繁殖的负面影响，或者表现出一定程度的基因重组。无性的另一种形式，称为雄激素生成，导致后代成为雄性父母的克隆。亚洲蛤Cor科的几种物种通过雄激素繁殖。我们比较了Corbicula在全球分布的多个有性和雄激素物种的线粒体和核基因座的基因树，以检验雄激素物种的长期克隆性的假设。我们的结果表明，在Corbicula的其他雄激素谱系中发生了其他物种的母体核DNA的低水平遗传捕获。罕见地捕获来自其他物种的遗传物质可能使Corbicula的雄性遗传世系减轻有害突变积累的影响并增加潜在的适应性变异。比较性繁殖和无性繁殖的相对优势和劣势的模型应该考虑罕见的基因重组的可能性，因为这种事件似乎在其他无性物种中几乎无处不在。

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