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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Arabidopsis hybrid speciation processes
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Arabidopsis hybrid speciation processes

机译：拟南芥杂交物种形成过程

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摘要

The genus Arabidopsis provides a unique opportunity to study fundamental biological questions in plant sciences using the dip-loid model species Arabidopsis thaliana and Arabidopsis lyrata. However, only a few studies have focused on introgression and hybrid speciation in Arabidopsis, although polyploidy is a common phenomenon within this genus. More recently, there is growing evidence of significant gene flow between the various Arabidopsis species. So far, we know Arabidopsis suecica and Arabidopsis kamchatica as fully stabilized allopolyploid species. Both species evolved during Pleistocene glaciation and deglaciation cycles in Fennoscandinavia and the amphi-Beringian region, respectively. These hybrid studies were conducted either on a phylogeographic scale or reconstructed experimentally in the laboratory. In our study we focus at a regional and population level. Our research area is located in the foothills of the eastern Austrian Alps, where two Arabidopsis species, Arabidopsis arenosa and A. lyrata ssp. petraea, are sympatrically distributed. Our hypothesis of genetic introgression, migration, and adaptation to the changing environment during the Pleistocene has been confirmed: We observed significant, mainly unidirectional gene flow between the two species, which has given rise to the tetraploid A. lyrata. This cytotype was able to escape from the narrow ecological niche occupied by diploid A. lyrata ssp. petraea on limestone outcrops by migrating northward into siliceous areas, leaving behind a trail of genetic differentiation.
机译：拟南芥属为使用二倍体模型物种拟南芥和拟南芥研究植物科学中的基本生物学问题提供了独特的机会。然而，尽管多倍体是该属中的常见现象，但只有少数研究集中在拟南芥的基因渗入和杂种形成上。最近，越来越多的证据表明各种拟南芥物种之间存在大量基因流动。到目前为止，我们知道拟南芥suecica和拟南芥kamchatica是完全稳定的异源多倍体物种。两种物种分别在芬诺斯堪的纳维亚半岛和两栖贝林地区的更新世冰期和冰消期期间进化。这些混合研究是在植物学规模上进行的，或者是在实验室中通过实验重建的。在我们的研究中，我们关注区域和人口层面。我们的研究区域位于奥地利东部阿尔卑斯山的山麓地带，那里有两个拟南芥物种，即拟南芥arenosa和A. lyrata ssp。石蒜，同胞分布。我们关于更新世期间遗传基因渗入，迁移和适应不断变化的环境的假设已得到证实：我们观察到两个物种之间存在重要的，主要是单向的基因流，这引起了四倍体A. lyrata。这种细胞型能够逃脱被二倍体A. lyrata ssp占据的狭窄生态位。石灰岩上的石蜡通过向北迁移到硅质地区而露头，留下了遗传分化的痕迹。

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