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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Carbon and nitrogen assimilation in deep subseafloor microbial cells
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Carbon and nitrogen assimilation in deep subseafloor microbial cells

机译：海底深层微生物细胞中的碳和氮同化

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摘要

Remarkable numbers of microbiai cells have been observed in global shallow to deep subseafloor sediments. Accumulating evidence indicates that deep and ancient sediments harbor living microbial life, where the flux of nutrients and energy are extremely low. However, their physiology and energy requirements remain largely unknown. We used stable isotope tracer incubation and nanometer-scale secondary ion MS to investigate the dynamics of carbon and nitrogen assimilation activities in individual microbial cells from 219-m-deep lower Pleistocene (460,000 y old) sediments from the northwestern Pacific off the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan. Sediment samples were incubated in vitro with ~(13)C- and/or ~(15)Nlabeled glucose, pyruvate, acetate, bicarbonate, methane, ammonium, and amino acids. Significant incorporation of ~(13)C and/or ~(15)N and growth occurred in response to glucose, pyruvate, and amino acids (~76% of total cells), whereas acetate and bicarbonate were incorporated without fostering growth. Among those substrates, a maximum substrate assimilation rate was observed at 67 × 10~(-18) mol/cell per d with bicarbonate. Neither carbon assimilation nor growth was evident in response to methane. The atomic ratios between nitrogen incorporated from ammonium and the total cellular nitrogen consistently exceeded the ratios of carbon, suggesting that subseafloor microbes preferentially require nitrogen assimilation for the recovery in vitro. Our results showed that the most deeply buried subseafloor sedimentary microbes maintain potentials for metabolic activities and that growth is generally limited by energy but not by the availability of C and N compounds.
机译：在全球浅至深海底沉积物中观察到大量的微生物细胞。越来越多的证据表明，深而古老的沉积物蕴藏着微生物的生命，其中养分和能量的通量极低。然而，它们的生理和能量需求仍然很大程度上未知。我们使用稳定的同位素示踪剂孵育和纳米级的二次离子质谱仪研究了位于日本西北部Shimokita半岛西北太平洋深219 m的下更新世（460,000 y年代）沉积物中单个微生物细胞中碳和氮的同化活动的动力学。日本。将沉积物样品与〜（13）C-和/或〜（15）N标记的葡萄糖，丙酮酸，乙酸盐，碳酸氢盐，甲烷，铵和氨基酸体外孵育。 〜（13）C和/或〜（15）N的大量掺入和生长是对葡萄糖，丙酮酸和氨基酸（占总细胞的约76％）的响应，而乙酸盐和碳酸氢盐的掺入却没有促进生长。在这些底物中，与碳酸氢盐的最大底物同化速率为67×10〜（-18）mol / cell / d。甲烷对碳的吸收和生长均无明显意义。从铵中吸收的氮与总细胞氮之间的原子比始终超过碳的比，这表明海底微生物优先需要氮同化才能进行体外回收。我们的结果表明，最深埋的海底沉积微生物保持了代谢活动的潜力，并且生长通常受能量限制，但不受C和N化合物的可用性限制。

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    Yuki Morono; Takeshi Terada; Manabu Nishizawa; Motoo lto; Franqois Hillion; Naoto Takahata; Yuji Sano; Fumio Inagaki;

  • 作者单位

    Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Earth-Marine Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan;

    Department of Ocean Drilling Science Technical Support, Marine Works Japan LTD, Yokohama 236-0042, Japan;

    Precambrian Ecosystem Laboratory, Japan Agency for Earth-Marine Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan;

    Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Earth-Marine Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan;

    CAMECA Simplified Anonymous Society, 92622 Cedex, Gennevilliers, France;

    Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8564, Japan;

    Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8564, Japan;

    Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Earth-Marine Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    subseafloor life; metabolic activity; carbon and nitrogen fixation; marine sedimentary habitat;

    机译：海底生活;代谢活动碳氮固定海洋沉积栖息地;

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