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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Enhancement of fruit shelf life by suppressing N-glycan processing enzymes
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Enhancement of fruit shelf life by suppressing N-glycan processing enzymes

机译：通过抑制N-聚糖加工酶来延长水果保质期

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In a globalized economy, the control of fruit ripening is of strategic importance because excessive softening limits shelf life. Efforts have been made to reduce fruit softening in transgenic tomato through the suppression of genes encoding cell wall-degrading proteins. However, these have met with very limited success. N-glycans are reported to play an important role during fruit ripening, although the role of any particular enzyme is yet unknown. We have identified and targeted two ripening-specific N-glycoprotein modifying enzymes, α-mannosidase (α-Man) and β-D-N-acetylhexosaminidase (β-Hex). We show that their suppression enhances fruit shelf life, owing to the reduced rate of softening. Analysis of transgenic tomatoes revealed ≈2.5- and ≈2-fold firmer fruits in the a-Man and β-Hex RNAi lines, respectively, and ≈30 days of enhanced shelf life. Overexpres-sion of α-Man or β-Hex resulted in excessive fruit softening. Expression of α-Man and β-Hex is induced by the ripening hormone ethylene and is modulated by a regulator of ripening, rin (ripening inhibitor). Furthermore, transcriptomic comparative studies demonstrate the down-regulation of cell wall degradation- and ripening-related genes in RNAi fruits. It is evident from these results that N-glycan processing is involved in ripening-associated fruit softening. Genetic manipulation of N-glycan processing can be of strategic importance to enhance fruit shelf life, without any negative effect on phenotype, including yield.
机译：在全球化经济中，控制水果成熟具有战略重要性，因为过度软化会限制保质期。通过抑制编码细胞壁降解蛋白的基因，已努力减少转基因番茄的果实软化。但是，这些方法取得的成功非常有限。据报道，N-聚糖在果实成熟过程中起着重要作用，尽管尚不清楚任何特定酶的作用。我们已经确定并靶向了两种成熟特异性的N-糖蛋白修饰酶，α-甘露糖苷酶（α-Man）和β-D-N-乙酰基己糖胺酶（β-Hex）。我们表明，由于软化率降低，抑制它们可以延长水果的货架寿命。对转基因番茄的分析显示，a-Man和β-HexRNAi品系的果实分别坚固了约2.5倍和约2倍，并且货架期延长了约30天。 α-Man或β-Hex的过度表达会导致果实过度软化。 α-Man和β-Hex的表达是由成熟激素乙烯诱导的，并由成熟调节剂rin（成熟抑制剂）调节。此外，转录组比较研究表明RNAi果实中细胞壁降解和成熟相关基因的下调。从这些结果可以明显看出，N-聚糖加工与成熟相关的果实软化有关。 N-聚糖加工的遗传操作对于延长水果保质期具有战略重要性，而对表型（包括产量）没有任何负面影响。

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