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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Population genetics of ecological communities with DNA barcodes: An example from New Guinea Lepidoptera
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Population genetics of ecological communities with DNA barcodes: An example from New Guinea Lepidoptera

机译:具有DNA条码的生态群落的种群遗传学:以新几内亚鳞翅目为例

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Comparative population genetics of ecological guilds can reveal generalities in patterns of differentiation bearing on hypotheses regarding the origin and maintenance of community diversity. Contradictory estimates of host specificity and beta diversity in tropical Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) from New Guinea and the Americas have sparked debate on the role of host-associated divergence and geographic isolation in explaining latitudinal diversity gradients. We sampled haplotypes of mitochondrial cyto-chrome c oxidase I from 28 Lepidoptera species and 1,359 individuals across four host plant genera and eight sites in New Guinea to estimate population divergence in relation to host specificity and geography. Analyses of molecular variance and haplotype networks indicate varying patterns of genetic structure among ecologically similar sympatric species. One-quarter lacked evidence of isolation by distance or host-associated differentiation, whereas 21 % exhibited both. Fourteen percent of the species exhibited host-associated differentiation without geographic isolation, 18% showed the opposite, and 21% were equivocal, insofar as analyses of molecular variance and haplotype networks yielded incongruent patterns. Variation in dietary breadth among community members suggests that speciation by specialization is an important, but not universal, mechanism for diversification of tropical Lepidoptera. Geographically widespread haplotypes challenge predictions of vicariance biogeography. Dispersal is important, and Lepidoptera communities appear to be highly dynamic according to the various phylogeographic histories of component species. Population genetic comparisons among herbivores of major tropical and temperate regions are needed to test predictions of ecological theory and evaluate global patterns of biodiversity.
机译:生态协会的比较种群遗传学可以揭示差异化模式的普遍性,其依据是关于社区多样性起源和维持的假设。来自新几内亚和美洲的热带鳞翅目(蛾和蝴蝶)寄主特异性和β多样性的矛盾估计引发了关于寄主相关发散和地理隔离在解释纬度多样性梯度中的作用的争论。我们从新的几内亚的四个寄主植物属和八个地点的28个鳞翅目物种和1,359个个体中采样了线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶I的单倍型,以估计种群在宿主特异性和地理位置方面的差异。分子变异和单倍型网络的分析表明,在生态相似的同胞物种中,遗传结构的模式有所不同。四分之一的人缺乏通过距离或与宿主相关的分化来隔离的证据,而有21%的人同时表现出两者。就分子变异和单倍型网络分析产生不一致的模式而言,该物种的14%表现出与宿主相关的分化而没有地理隔离,18%则相反,21%模棱两可。社区成员饮食宽度的变化表明,专业化物种形成是热带鳞翅类植物多样化的重要但非普遍的机制。在地理上广泛分布的单倍型挑战了变异生物地理学的预测。分散很重要,根据组成物种的各种地理志,鳞翅目群落似乎是高度动态的。需要在主要热带和温带地区的草食动物之间进行种群遗传比较,以检验生态理论的预测并评估生物多样性的全球格局。

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