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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Marine reserves as linked social-ecological systems
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Marine reserves as linked social-ecological systems

机译：海洋保护区作为联系的社会生态系统

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摘要

Marine reserves are increasingly recognized as having linked social and ecological dynamics. This study investigates how the ecological performance of 56 marine reserves throughout the Philippines, Caribbean, and Western Indian Ocean (WIO) is related to both reserve design features and the socioeconomic characteristics in associated coastal communities. Ecological performance was measured as fish biomass in the reserve relative to nearby areas. Of the socioeconomic variables considered, human population density and compliance with reserve rules had the strongest effects on fish biomass, but the effects of these variables were region specific. Relationships between population density and the reserve effect on fish biomass were negative in the Caribbean, positive in the WIO, and not detectable in the Philippines. Differing associations between population density and reserve effectiveness defy simple explanation but may depend on human migration to effective reserves, depletion of fish stocks outside reserves, or other social factors that change with population density. Higher levels of compliance reported by resource users was related to higher fish biomass in reserves compared with outside, but this relationship was only statistically significant in the Caribbean. A heuristic model based on correlations between social, cultural, political, economic, and other contextual conditions in 127 marine reserves showed that high levels of compliance with reserve rules were related to complex social interactions rather than simply to enforcement of reserve rules. Comparative research of this type is important for uncovering the complexities surrounding human dimensions of marine reserves and improving reserve management.
机译：海洋保护区被越来越多地视为具有联系的社会和生态动态。这项研究调查了整个菲律宾，加勒比海和西印度洋（WIO）的56个海洋保护区的生态绩效如何与保护区设计特征和相关沿海社区的社会经济特征相关联。用相对于附近地区的保护区中鱼类生物量来衡量生态性能。在所考虑的社会经济变量中，人口密度和遵守保护区规则对鱼类生物量的影响最大，但这些变量的影响是特定于地区的。人口密度与对鱼类生物量的储量影响之间的关系在加勒比地区为负，在世界报告组织中为正，而在菲律宾则未发现。人口密度与保护区有效性之间的不同联系无法简单解释，但可能取决于人类向有效保护区的迁移，保护区以外鱼类资源的枯竭或随人口密度变化的其他社会因素。与外部相比，资源用户报告的较高遵从水平与储备中较高的鱼类生物量有关，但这种关系在加勒比地区仅具有统计意义。基于127个海洋保护区的社会，文化，政治，经济和其他背景条件之间的相关性的启发式模型表明，高度遵守保护区规则与复杂的社会互动有关，而不仅仅是与保护区规则的执行有关。这种类型的比较研究对于揭示围绕海洋保护区的人文因素的复杂性并改善保护区管理非常重要。

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