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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >North Atlantic summers have warmed more than winters since 1353, and the response of marine zooplankton
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North Atlantic summers have warmed more than winters since 1353, and the response of marine zooplankton

机译：自1353年以来，北大西洋的夏季比冬季更温暖，海洋浮游动物的反应

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摘要

Modeling and measurements show that Atlantic marine temperatures are rising; however, the low temporal resolution of models and restricted spatial resolution of measurements (i) mask regional details critical for determining the rate and extent of climate variability, and (ii) prevent robust determination of climatic impacts on marine ecosystems. To address both issues for the North East Atlantic, a fortnightly resolution marine climate record from 1353-2006 was constructed for shallow inshore waters and compared to changes in marine zooplankton abundance. For the first time summer marine temperatures are shown to have increased nearly twice as much as winter temperatures since 1353. Additional climatic instability began in 1700 characterized by ~5-65 year climate oscillations that appear to be a recent phenomenon. Enhanced summer-specific warming reduced the abundance of the copepod Calanus finmarchicus. a key food item of cod, and led to significantly lower projected abundances by 2040 than at present. The faster increase of summer marine temperatures has implications for climate projections and affects abundance, and thus biomass, near the base of the marine food web with potentially significant feedback effects for marine food security.
机译：建模和测量表明，大西洋海洋温度正在上升；但是，模型的时间分辨率较低，而测量的空间分辨率有限（i）掩盖了对确定气候变化率和程度至关重要的区域细节，并且（ii）无法可靠地确定气候对海洋生态系统的影响。为了解决东北大西洋的这两个问题，针对浅海近海建立了两周的1353-2006年海洋气候​​记录，并将其与海洋浮游动物丰度的变化进行了比较。自1353年以来，夏季海洋温度首次显示出几乎是冬季温度升高的两倍。另外的气候不稳定现象始于1700年，其特征是大约5至65年的气候振荡，这似乎是最近出现的现象。夏季特定的升温加剧了reduced足类Calaus finmarchicus的丰度。鳕鱼的主要食物，到2040年导致的预计丰度大大低于目前。夏季海洋温度的快速上升对气候预测有影响，并影响海洋食物网底部附近的丰度，进而影响生物量，对海洋食物安全可能具有重要的反馈作用。

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