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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Biotransformation of arsenic by a Yellowstone thermoacidophilic eukaryotic alga
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Biotransformation of arsenic by a Yellowstone thermoacidophilic eukaryotic alga

机译：黄石嗜热真核生物对砷的生物转化

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摘要

Arsenic is the most common toxic substance in the environment, ranking first on the Superfund list of hazardous substances, it is introduced primarily from geochemical sources and is acted on biologically, creating an arsenic biogeocycle. Geothermal environments are known for their elevated arsenic content and thus provide an excellent setting in which to study microbial redox transformations of arsenic. To date, most studies of microbial communities in geothermal environments have focused on Bacteria and Archaea, with little attention to eukaryotic microorganisms. Here, we show the potential of an extremophilic eukaryotic alga of the order Cyanidiales to influence arsenic-cycling at elevated temperatures. Cyanidioschyzon sp. isolate 5508 oxidized arsenite [As(Ⅲ)] to arsenate [As(Ⅴ)], reduced As(Ⅴ) to As(Ⅲ), and methylated As(Ⅲ) to form trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO) and dimethylarsenate [DMAs(Ⅴ)]. Two arsenic methyltransferase genes, CmarsM7 and CmarsM8, were cloned from this organism and demonstrated to confer resistance to As(Ⅲ) in an arsenite hypersensitive strain of Escherichia coli. The 2 recombinant CmArsMs were purified and shown to transform As(Ⅲ) into monomethylarsenite, DMAs(Ⅴ), TMAO, and trimethylarsine gas, with a T_(opt) of 60-70 ℃. These studies illustrate the importance of eukaryotic microorganisms to the biogeochemical cycling of arsenic in geothermal systems, offer a molecular explanation for how these algae tolerate arsenic in their environment, and provide the characterization of algal methyltransferases.
机译：砷是环境中最常见的有毒物质，在Superfund有害物质列表中排名第一，它主要是从地球化学来源引入的，并通过生物作用产生砷生物大地循环。地热环境因其砷含量高而闻名，因此为研究砷的微生物氧化还原转化提供了一个极好的环境。迄今为止，大多数对地热环境中微生物群落的研究都集中在细菌和古细菌上，很少关注真核微生物。在这里，我们显示了Cyanidiales的一种极端的真核藻类在高温下影响砷循环的潜力。矢车菊属分离5508氧化的亚砷酸盐[As（Ⅲ）]生成砷酸盐[As（Ⅴ）]，将As（Ⅴ）还原为As（Ⅲ），并甲基化As（Ⅲ）形成三甲基oxide氧化物（TMAO）和二甲基砷酸盐[DMAs（Ⅴ）] ]。从该生物体中克隆了两个砷甲基转移酶基因CmarsM7和CmarsM8，并证明它们在大肠杆菌的砷高敏感性菌株中具有对As（Ⅲ）的抗性。纯化了2个重组CmArsMs，显示将As（Ⅲ）转化为单甲基砷，DMAs（Ⅴ），TMAO和三甲基tri气，T_（opt）为60-70℃。这些研究说明了真核微生物对地热系统中砷生物地球化学循环的重要性，为这些藻类在环境中如何耐受砷提供了分子解释，并提供了藻类甲基转移酶的表征。

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    Jie Qin; Corinne R. Lehr; Chungang Yuan; X. Chris Le; Timothy R. McDermott; Barry P. Rosen;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201 Department of Cellular Biology, Florida international University College of Medicine, Miami, FL 33199;

    Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences and Thermal Biology Institute, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407;

    Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G3 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China;

    Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G3;

    Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences and Thermal Biology Institute, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717;

    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201 Department of Cellular Biology, Florida international University College of Medicine, Miami, FL 33199;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    arsenic detoxification; arsenic methylation; As(Ⅲ) S-adenosylmethyltransferase; thermophile;

    机译：砷解毒;砷甲基化As（Ⅲ）S-腺苷甲基转移酶;嗜热菌;

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