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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >A mechanism for functional segregation of mitochondrial and cytosolic genetic codes
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A mechanism for functional segregation of mitochondrial and cytosolic genetic codes

机译：线粒体和细胞质遗传密码的功能分离机制

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摘要

The coexistence of multiple gene translation machineries is a feature of eukaryotic cells and a result of the endosymbiotic events that gave rise to mitochondria, plastids, and other organelles. The conditions required for the integration of these apparatuses within a single cell are not understood, but current evidence indicates that complete ablation of the mitochondrial protein synthesis apparatus and its substitution by its cytosolic equivalent is not possible. Why certain mitochondrial components and not others can be substituted by cytosolic equivalents is not known. In trypanosomatids this situation reaches a limit, because certain aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are mitochondrial specific despite the fact that all tRNAs in these organisms are shared between cytosol and mitochondria. Here we report that a mitochondria-specific lysyl-tRNA synthetase in Trypanosoma has evolved a mechanism to block the activity of the enzyme during its synthesis and translocation. Only when the enzyme reaches the mitochondria is it activated through the cleavage of a C-terminal structural extension, preventing the possibility of the enzyme being active in the cytosol.
机译：多种基因翻译机制的共存是真核细胞的特征，是导致线粒体，质体和其他细胞器的内共生事件的结果。这些设备整合到单个细胞中所需的条件尚不清楚，但是目前的证据表明，线粒体蛋白合成设备的完全消融及其被其胞质等效物取代是不可能的。为什么某些线粒体成分而不是其他线粒体成分可以被胞质等效物取代尚不知道。在锥虫中，这种情况达到了极限，因为某些氨酰基-tRNA合成酶是线粒体特异性的，尽管事实上这些生物体中的所有tRNA在细胞质和线粒体之间共享。在这里，我们报道锥虫中的线粒体特异性赖氨酰-tRNA合成酶已经进化出一种机制，可以在酶的合成和转运过程中阻断该酶的活性。仅当酶到达线粒体时，它才通过C末端结构延伸的切割而被激活，从而阻止了酶在细胞质中活跃的可能性。

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  • 作者

    Yaiza Espanol; Daniel Thut; Andre Schneider; Lluis Ribas de Pouplana;

  • 作者单位

    Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), c/ Baldiri Reixac 15-21 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;

    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland;

    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland;

    Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), c/ Baldiri Reixac 15-21 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases; mitochondria; tRNA; trypanosoma;

    机译：氨酰基-tRNA合成酶;线粒体tRNA;锥虫;

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