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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Evaluation of the sustainability of deep groundwater as an arsenic-safe resource in the Bengal Basin
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Evaluation of the sustainability of deep groundwater as an arsenic-safe resource in the Bengal Basin

机译：孟加拉盆地深层地下水作为砷安全资源的可持续性评估

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摘要

Tens of millions of people in the Bengal Basin region of Bangladesh and India drink groundwater containing unsafe concentrations of arsenic. This high-arsenic groundwater is produced from shallow ( <100 m) depths by domestic and irrigation wells in the Bengal Basin aquifer system. The government of Bangladesh has begun to install wells to depths of >150 m where groundwater arsenic concentrations are nearly uniformly low, and many more wells are needed, however, the sustainability of deep, arsenic-safe ground-water has not been previously assessed. Deeper pumping could induce downward migration of dissolved arsenic, permanently destroying the deep resource. Here, it is shown, through quantitative, large-scale hydrogeologic analysis and simulation of the entire basin, that the deeper part of the aquifer system may provide a sustainable source of arsenic-safe water if its utilization is limited to domestic supply. Simulations provide two explanations for this result: deep domestic pumping only slightly perturbs the deep groundwater flow system, and substantial shallow pumping for irrigation forms a hydraulic barrier that protects deeper resources from shallow arsenic sources. Additional analysis indicates that this simple management approach could provide arsenic-safe drinking water to > 90% of the arsenic-impacted region over a 1,000-year timescale. This insight may assist water-resources managers in alleviating one of the world's largest groundwater contamination problems.
机译：孟加拉国和印度的孟加拉盆地地区的数千万人饮用的地下水中砷含量不安全。这种高砷地下水是由孟加拉盆地含水层系统中的家庭和灌溉井从浅水（<100 m）深度产生的。孟加拉国政府已开始在井下> 150 m的深度处安装井，那里的地下水砷浓度几乎一直较低，还需要更多的井，但是，以前从未评估过砷安全的深层地下水的可持续性。抽深水可能导致溶解的砷向下迁移，从而永久破坏深层资源。在此，通过对整个盆地进行定量，大规模的水文地质分析和模拟，可以发现，如果含水层系统的利用仅限于国内供应，则其较深部分可能会提供可持续的砷安全水源。模拟为该结果提供了两种解释：深层的家庭泵送只会稍微扰动深层的地下水流系统，而大量的浅层灌溉泵会形成水力屏障，从而保护深层资源免受浅层砷源的侵害。进一步的分析表明，这种简单的管理方法可以在1000年的时间范围内为砷影响地区的90％以上提供砷安全的饮用水。这种见解可以帮助水资源管理者减轻全球最大的地下水污染问题之一。

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