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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Striatum And Pre-sma Facilitate Decision-making Under Time Pressure
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Striatum And Pre-sma Facilitate Decision-making Under Time Pressure

机译：时间压力下纹状体和前体促进决策

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摘要

Human decision-making almost always takes place under time pressure. When people are engaged in activities such as shopping, driving, or playing chess, they have to continually balance the demands for fast decisions against the demands for accurate decisions. In the cognitive sciences, this balance is thought to be modulated by a response threshold, the neural substrate of which is currently subject to speculation. In a speed decision-making experiment, we presented participants with cues that indicated different requirements for response speed. Application of a mathematical model for the behavioral data confirmed that cueing for speed lowered the response threshold. Functional neuroimaging showed that cueing for speed activates the striatum and the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA), brain structures that are part of a closed-loop motor circuit involved in the preparation of voluntary action plans. Moreover, activation in the striatum is known to release the motor system from global inhibition, thereby facilitating faster but possibly premature actions. Finally, the data show that individual variation in the activation of striatum and pre-SMA is selectively associated with individual variation in the amplitude of the adjustments in the response threshold estimated by the mathematical model. These results demonstrate that when people have to make decisions under time pressure their striatum and pre-SMA show increased levels of activation.
机译：人类的决策几乎总是在时间压力下进行。当人们从事购物，驾驶或下象棋之类的活动时，他们必须不断平衡快速决策的需求和准确决策的需求。在认知科学中，这种平衡被认为是由反应阈值调节的，该反应阈值的神经底物目前受到推测。在速度决策实验中，我们向参与者提供了提示，这些提示表明了对响应速度的不同要求。行为数据的数学模型的应用证实，对速度的提示降低了响应阈值。功能性神经影像学显示对速度的提示会激活纹状体和补充前运动区（pre-SMA），这些大脑结构是参与制定自愿行动计划的闭环运动回路的一部分。此外，已知纹状体中的激活可将电机系统从全局抑制中释放出来，从而促进更快但可能为时过早的动作。最后，数据表明纹状体和前SMA激活的个体变化与数学模型估计的响应阈值调整幅度的个体变化有选择地相关。这些结果表明，当人们不得不在时间压力下做出决定时，他们的纹状体和SMA前状态显示激活水平增加。

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