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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Moonlight shifts the endogenous clock of Drosophila melanogaster
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Moonlight shifts the endogenous clock of Drosophila melanogaster

机译：月光改变了果蝇的内源性时钟

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摘要

The ability to be synchronized by light-dark cycles is a fundamental property of circadian clocks. Although there are indications that circadian clocks are extremely light-sensitive and that they can be set by the low irradiances that occur at dawn and dusk, this has not been shown on the cellular level. Here, we demonstrate that a subset of Drosophila's pacemaker neurons responds to nocturnal dim light. At a nighttime illumination comparable to quarter-moonlight intensity, the flies increase activity levels and shift their typical morning and evening activity peaks into the night. In parallel, clock protein levels are reduced, and clock protein rhythms shift in opposed direction in subsets of the previously identified morning and evening pacemaker cells. No effect was observed on the peripheral clock in the eye. Our results demonstrate that the neurons driving rhythmic behavior are extremely light-sensitive and capable of shifting activity in response to the very low light intensities that regularly occur in nature. This sensitivity may be instrumental in adaptation to different photoperiods, as was proposed by the morning and evening oscillator model of Pitten-drigh and Daan. We also show that this adaptation depends on retinal input but is independent of cryptochrome.
机译：昼夜周期同步的能力是生物钟的基本特性。尽管有迹象表明生物钟对光非常敏感，并且可以通过在黎明和黄昏时发生的低辐照度来设置，但在细胞水平上尚未显示出来。在这里，我们证明了果蝇的起搏器神经元的一个子集对夜间昏暗的光作出反应。在相当于四分之一月光照强度的夜间光照下，果蝇增加了活动水平，并将其典型的早晚活动高峰转移到了夜晚。同时，在先前确定的早起和晚起搏器细胞的子集中，时钟蛋白水平降低，时钟蛋白节律向相反方向移动。在眼睛的外围时钟上未观察到任何影响。我们的结果表明，驱动节律性行为的神经元对光非常敏感，并且能够响应自然界中经常发生的非常低的光强度而改变活动。 Pitten-drigh和Daan的早晚振荡器模型曾提出，这种敏感性可能有助于适应不同的光周期。我们还表明，这种适应依赖于视网膜输入，但独立于隐色素。

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