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New mouse models of cancer: Single-cell knockouts

机译:新型癌症小鼠模型:单细胞敲除

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摘要

Cancer is a clonal disease, initiating from a single cell that has accumulated sufficient genetic damage to cause uncontrolled growth. The malignant daughter cells within a clone interact with each other and their normal neighboring cells, the so-called microenvironment, influencing tumor progression. The time required to clonally expand a single malignant cell to a clinically detectable tumor can take many years. During this time, other genetic changes occur, leading to the evolution of the tumor pheno-type. One fundamental mechanism that triggers cancer formation is the mutation of tumor suppressor genes followed by loss of heterozygosity.
机译:癌症是一种克隆性疾病,起源于单个细胞,该细胞已积累了足够的遗传损伤,导致生长不受控制。克隆中的恶性子细胞彼此相互作用,并且它们的正常邻近细胞(所谓的微环境)相互作用,影响肿瘤的进展。将单个恶性细胞克隆扩增为临床上可检测的肿瘤可能需要很多年。在这段时间内,发生了其他遗传变化,导致了肿瘤表型的演变。触发癌症形成的一种基本机制是肿瘤抑制基因的突变,随后是杂合性的丧失。

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