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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Rapid evolution of smell and taste receptor genes during host specialization in Drosophila sechellia
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Rapid evolution of smell and taste receptor genes during host specialization in Drosophila sechellia

机译：果蝇宿主专业化过程中嗅觉和味觉受体基因的快速进化

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Our understanding of the genetic basis of host specialization in insects is limited to basic information on the number and location of genetic factors underlying changes in conspicuous phenotypes. We know nothing about general patterns of molecular evolution that may accompany host specialization but are not traceable to a single prominent phenotypic change. Here, 1 describe changes in the entire repertoire of 136 olfactory receptor (Or) and gustatory receptor (Gr) genes of the recently specialized vinegar fly Drosophila sechellia. I find that D. sechellia is losing Or and Gr genes nearly 10 times faster than its generalist sibling Drosophila simu-lans. Moreover, those D. sechellia receptors that remain intact have fixed amino acid replacement mutations at a higher rate relative to silent mutations than have their D. simulans orthologs. Comparison of these patterns with those observed in a random sample of genes indicates that the changes at Or and Gr loci are likely to reflect positive selection and/or relaxed constraint associated with the altered ecological niche of this fly.
机译：我们对昆虫宿主专长化的遗传基础的理解仅限于关于显着表型变化的遗传因素的数量和位置的基本信息。我们对可能伴随宿主特化但不能追溯到单个显着表型变化的分子进化的一般模式一无所知。在这里，1描述了最近专业化的醋蝇果蝇果蝇的136个嗅觉受体（Or）和味觉受体（Gr）基因在整个库中的变化。我发现D. sechellia失去Or和Gr基因的速度比其同级兄弟果蝇simu-lans快近10倍。而且，相对于沉默突变，那些保持完整的那些D.sechellia受体具有比其D.simulans直向同源物更高的固定氨基酸替换突变。将这些模式与在随机基因样本中观察到的模式进行比较表明，Or和Gr位点的变化很可能反映出与该蝇的生态位改变有关的正向选择和/或宽松约束。

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