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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Phase maps reveal cortical architecture
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Phase maps reveal cortical architecture

机译：相图揭示皮质结构

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摘要

In this issue of PNAS, Duyn et al. (1) present a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that reveals astonishing and hitherto unseen details of the architecture of the cerebral cortex of living human beings. The cortex (Latin for "bark" or "outer rind") is a thin layer of gray matter that is highly folded to attain a large surface area within the limited volume of the human skull, and it is thought to be the substrate for the vast majority of the cognitive skills that we possess. That the cortex has an interesting laminar structure, and that this structure may relate to its functional properties, has been known for more than 100 years. Directly visualizing these laminar properties in living humans is one of the central goals of structural neuroimaging research. From a neuroscience standpoint, the importance of imaging cortical architecture stems from the fact that the human cortex can be parcellated into discrete regions based on changes in the laminar distributions of cell types and density, dating back to the classic work of Korbinian Brodmann a century ago, one of a number of famous cortical parcellations. These regions, frequently referred to as "cortical areas," are strongly tied to the functional properties of the brain, and hence being able to robustly and routinely delineate them in vivo would be a fundamental tool in research aimed at deepening our understanding of the human brain.
机译：在本期PNAS中，Duyn等人。 （1）提出了一种磁共振成像（MRI）技术，该技术揭示了人类大脑皮层结构的惊人细节和前所未有的细节。皮质（拉丁语为“树皮”或“外皮”）是一层薄薄的灰质物质，高度折叠后可在人类头骨的有限体积内获得较大的表面积，并且被认为是皮质的底物。我们拥有的绝大多数认知技能。皮层具有有趣的层状结构，并且这种结构可能与其功能特性有关，这已经有100多年的历史了。直接可视化活人中的这些层流特性是结构神经成像研究的主要目标之一。从神经科学的角度来看，对皮质结构进行成像的重要性源于这样一个事实，即人类皮质可以根据细胞类型和密度的层流分布变化而分解为离散区域，这可以追溯到一个世纪前的柯比·布罗德曼（Korbinian Brodmann）的经典著作。 ，是许多著名的皮层分裂之一。这些区域（通常称为“皮质区域”）与大脑的功能特性紧密相关，因此能够在体内稳健地例行描述它们将是旨在加深我们对人类理解的研究的基本工具。脑。

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