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Neural correlates of trust

机译：信任的神经相关

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摘要

Trust is a critical social process that helps us to cooperate with others and is present to some degree in all human interaction. However, the underlying brain mechanisms of conditional and unconditional trust in social reciprocal exchange are still obscure. Here, we used hyperfunctional magnetic resonance imaging, in which two strangers interacted online with one another in a sequential reciprocal trust game while their brains were simultaneously scanned. By designing a nonanonymous, alternating mul-tiround game, trust became bidirectional, and we were able to quantify partnership building and maintenance. Using within- and between-brain analyses, an examination of functional brain activity supports the hypothesis that the preferential activation of different neuronal systems implements these two trust strategies. We show that the paracingulate cortex is critically involved in building a trust relationship by inferring another person's intentions to predict subsequent behavior. This more recently evolved brain region can be differently engaged to interact with more primitive neural systems in maintaining conditional and unconditional trust in a partnership. Conditional trust selectively activated the ventral tegmental area, a region linked to the evaluation of expected and realized reward, whereas unconditional trust selectively activated the septal area, a region linked to social attachment behavior. The interplay of these neural systems supports reciprocal exchange that operates beyond the immediate spheres of kinship, one of the distinguishing features of the human species.
机译：信任是一个关键的社会过程，可以帮助我们与他人合作，并在某种程度上存在于人类的所有互动中。但是，在社会互惠交流中，有条件和无条件信任的潜在大脑机制仍然不清楚。在这里，我们使用了超功能磁共振成像，其中两个陌生人在连续的相互信任游戏中彼此在线互动，同时对其大脑进行了扫描。通过设计一个非匿名，交替的多方游戏，信任成为双向的，并且我们能够量化伙伴关系的建立和维护。使用脑内和脑间分析，对功能性脑活动的检查支持以下假设：不同神经元系统的优先激活实现了这两种信任策略。我们表明，通过推断另一个人的意图来预测随后的行为，切线皮层关键地参与建立信任关系。在保持伙伴关系中的有条件和无条件信任时，可以较新地演化这个较新发展的大脑区域以与更原始的神经系统进行交互。有条件的信任有选择地激活了腹侧被盖区域，该区域与预期和实现的奖励评估有关，而无条件的信任有选择地激活了间隔区域，即与社会依恋行为相关的区域。这些神经系统的相互作用支持相互交换，交换作用超出了血缘关系的直接范围，而血缘关系是人类物种的显着特征之一。

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