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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Recent fear is resistant to extinction
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Recent fear is resistant to extinction

机译：最近的恐惧使物种灭绝

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摘要

in some individuals, fearful experiences (e.g., combat) yield persistent and debilitating psychological disturbances, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Early intervention (e.g., debriefing) after psychological trauma is widely practiced and argued to be an effective strategy for limiting subsequent psychopathology, although there has been considerable debate on this point. Here we show in an animal model of traumatic fear that early intervention shortly after an aversive experience yields poor long-term fear reduction. Extinction trials administered minutes after aversive fear conditioning in rats suppressed fear acutely, but fear suppression was not maintained the next day. In contrast, delivering extinction trials 1 day after fear conditioning produced an enduring suppression of fear memory. We further show that the recent experience of an aversive event, not the timing of the extinction intervention per se, inhibits the development of long-term fear extinction. These results reveal that the level of fear present at the time of intervention is a critical factor in the efficacy of extinction. Importantly, our work suggests that early intervention may not yield optimal outcomes in reducing posttraumatic stress, particularly after severe trauma.
机译：在某些人中，恐惧的经历（例如战斗）会产生持续且使人衰弱的心理障碍，包括创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。心理创伤后的早期干预（例如汇报）已被广泛实践，并被认为是限制随后的心理病理的有效策略，尽管对此有很多争论。在这里，我们在创伤性恐惧的动物模型中显示，厌恶经历后不久进行早期干预无法长期减轻恐惧。在大鼠厌恶恐惧条件得到缓解后数分钟内进行灭绝试验，可急性抑制恐惧，但第二天仍未保持恐惧抑制。相比之下，恐惧条件调理后1天进行灭绝试验会持久抑制恐惧记忆。我们进一步表明，厌恶事件的最新经验，而不是灭绝干预本身的时机，抑制了长期恐惧灭绝的发展。这些结果表明，干预时存在的恐惧程度是灭绝效力的关键因素。重要的是，我们的工作表明，早期干预可能无法在减少创伤后压力方面取得最佳效果，尤其是在严重创伤后。

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