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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Remarkable variation in maize genome structure inferred from haplotype diversity at the bz locus
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Remarkable variation in maize genome structure inferred from haplotype diversity at the bz locus

机译：从bz基因座的单倍型多样性推断玉米基因组结构的显着变化

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摘要

Maize is probably the most diverse of all crop species. Unexpectedly large differences among haplotypes were first revealed in a comparison of the bz genomic regions of two different inbred lines, McC and B73. Retrotransposon clusters, which comprise most of the repetitive DNA in maize, varied markedly in makeup, and location relative to the genes in the region and genic sequences, later shown to be carried by two helitron transposons, also differed between the inbreds. Thus, the allelic bz regions of these Corn Belt inbreds shared only a minority of the total sequence. To investigate further the variation caused by retrotransposons, helitrons, and other insertions, we have analyzed the organization of the bz genomic region in five additional cultivars selected because of their geographic and genetic diversity: the inbreds A188, CML258, and I137TN, and the land races Coroico and NalTel. This vertical comparison has revealed the existence of several new helitrons, new retrotransposons, members of every superfamily of DNA transposons, numerous miniature elements, and novel insertions flanked at either end by TA repeats, which we call TAFTs (TA-flanked transposons). The extent of variation in the region is remarkable. In pairwise comparisons of eight bz haplotypes, the percentage of shared sequences ranges from 25% to 84%. Chimeric haplotypes were identified that combine retrotransposon clusters found in different haplotypes. We propose that recombination in the common gene space greatly amplifies the variability produced by the retrotransposition explosion in the maize ancestry, creating the heterogeneity in genome organization found in modern maize.
机译：玉米可能是所有农作物中种类最多的。在比较两个不同近交系McC和B73的bz基因组区域时，首先揭示了单倍型之间出乎意料的巨大差异。在玉米中，反转录转座子簇包含大部分重复DNA，其组成和相对于区域和基因序列中基因的位置显着不同，后来证明这是由两个超子转座子携带的，近交种之间也有所不同。因此，这些玉米带自交系的等位基因bz区仅共享总序列的一小部分。为了进一步研究由反转录转座子，直升机场和其他插入物引起的变异，我们分析了另外五个因其地理和遗传多样性而选择的品种的bz基因组区域的组织：自交系A188，CML258和I137TN，以及陆地比赛Coroico和NalTel。这种垂直比较揭示了存在几种新的直升机，新的逆转录转座子，DNA转座子的每个超家族成员，许多微型元件，以及两端都带有TA重复序列的新插入物，我们将其称为TAFTs（TA侧翼转座子）。该地区的变化程度非常明显。在八个bz单倍型的成对比较中，共享序列的百分比范围为25％至84％。嵌合的单倍型被鉴定出结合了在不同的单倍型中发现的反转录转座子簇。我们提出，在公共基因空间中的重组会极大地放大由玉米祖先的逆转座爆炸产生的变异性，从而在现代玉米中发现基因组组织的异质性。

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