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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >The application of statistical physics to evolutionary biology
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The application of statistical physics to evolutionary biology

机译：统计物理学在进化生物学中的应用

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摘要

A number of fundamental mathematical models of the evolutionary process exhibit dynamics that can be difficult to understand analytically. Here we show that a precise mathematical analogy can be drawn between certain evolutionary and thermodynamic systems, allowing application of the powerful machinery of statistical physics to analysis of a family of evolutionary models. Analytical results that follow directly from this approach include the steady-state distribution of fixed genotypes and the load in finite populations. The analogy with statistical physics also reveals that, contrary to a basic tenet of the nearly neutral theory of molecular evolution, the frequencies of adaptive and deleterious substitutions at steady state are equal. Finally, just as the free energy function quantitatively characterizes the balance between energy and entropy, a free fitness function provides an analytical expression for the balance between natural selection and stochastic drift.
机译：进化过程的许多基本数学模型表现出动力学，这些动力学分析可能很难理解。在这里，我们表明可以在某些演化系统和热力学系统之间绘制精确的数学类比，从而允许将强大的统计物理机制应用于一系列演化模型的分析。直接从这种方法得出的分析结果包括固定基因型的稳态分布和有限种群的负荷。与统计物理学的类比还表明，与近乎中立的分子进化论的基本原理相反，稳态下的自适应取代和有害取代的频率相等。最后，正如自由能函数定量地描述了能量和熵之间的平衡一样，自由适应度函数为自然选择和随机漂移之间的平衡提供了一种分析表达式。

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