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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Focal adhesions as mechanosensors: A physical mechanism
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Focal adhesions as mechanosensors: A physical mechanism

机译：作为机械传感器的粘着斑：物理机制

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摘要

Focal adhesions (FA) are large, multiprotein complexes that provide a mechanical link between the cytoskeletal contractile machinery and the extracellular matrix. FA exhibit mechanosensitive properties; they self-assemble and elongate upon application of pulling forces and dissociate when these forces are decreased. We propose a thermodynamic model for the mechanosensitivity of FA, according to which a molecular aggregate, subjected to pulling forces, tends to grow in the direction of force application by incorporating additional molecules. We demonstrate that this principle is consistent with the phenomenology of FA dynamics by considering a one-dimensional protein aggregate subjected to pulling forces and anchored to the substrate. Depending on the force level, force distribution along the aggregate, and the character of its anchoring to the substrate, the aggregate is predicted to exhibit distinct modes of assembly that are largely consistent with the experimentally observed FA behavior. We define here specific conditions that can lead to the different regimes of FA assembly, including growth, steady state, and disassembly.
机译：局灶性粘连（FA）是大型的多蛋白复合物，可在细胞骨架收缩机制和细胞外基质之间提供机械联系。 FA具有机械敏感性。它们在施加拉力时会自行组装并伸长，而在这些力减小时会解体。我们为FA的机械敏感性提出了一个热力学模型，根据该模型，受拉力作用的分子聚集体往往会通过结合其他分子而沿作用力的方向增长。通过证明一维蛋白质聚集体受到拉力并锚定在基质上，我们证明了该原理与FA动力学现象学是一致的。根据作用力水平，沿聚集体的作用力分布及其将其锚定在基材上的特性，预测聚集体表现出不同的组装模式，这与实验观察到的FA行为基本一致。我们在这里定义了可能导致FA组装不同机制的特定条件，包括生长，稳定状态和分解。

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