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Wildfires, complexity, and highly optimized tolerance.

机译:野火,复杂性和高度优化的容忍度。

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摘要

Recent, large fires in the western United States have rekindled debates about fire management and the role of natural fire regimes in the resilience of terrestrial ecosystems. This real-world experience parallels debates involving abstract models of forest fires, a central metaphor in complex systems theory. Both real and modeled fire-prone landscapes exhibit roughly power law statistics in fire size versus frequency. Here, we examine historical fire catalogs and a detailed fire simulation model; both are in agreement with a highly optimized tolerance model. Highly optimized tolerance suggests robustness tradeoffs underlie resilience in different fire-prone ecosystems. Understanding these mechanisms may provide new insights into the structure of ecological systems and be key in evaluating fire management strategies and sensitivities to climate change.
机译:最近,美国西部发生的大火引发了有关火灾管理和自然火灾制度在陆地生态系统复原力中的作用的辩论。这种现实世界的经验与涉及森林火灾抽象模型的辩论类似,这是复杂系统理论的中心隐喻。真实和易于建模的易火景观在火的大小与频率之间均表现出大致的幂律统计。在这里,我们检查历史火灾目录和详细的火灾模拟模型;两者都与高度优化的公差模型一致。高度优化的耐受性表明,在不同易火生态系统中,健壮性折衷是弹性的基础。了解这些机制可能会为生态系统的结构提供新的见解,并且对于评估消防管理策略和对气候变化的敏感性至关重要。

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