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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Self-renewal capacity is a widespread property of various types of neural crest precursor cells
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Self-renewal capacity is a widespread property of various types of neural crest precursor cells

机译：自我更新能力是各种类型的神经rest前体细胞的广泛特性

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In vertebrates, trunk neural crest (NC) generates glia, neurons, and melanocytes. In addition, it yields mesectodermal derivatives (connective tissues, chondrocytes, and myofibroblasts lining the blood vessels) in the head. Previous in vitro clonal analyses of avian NC cells unraveled a hierarchical succession of highly pluripotent, followed by various intermediate, progenitors, suggesting a model of progressive restrictions in the multiple potentialities of a totipotent stem cell, as prevails in the hematopoietic system. However, which progenitors are able to self-renew within the hierarchy of the NC lineages is still undetermined. Here, we explored further the stem cell properties of quail NC cells by means of in vitro serial subcloning. We identified types of multipotent and oligopotent NC progenitors that differ in their developmental repertoire, ability to self-maintain, and response to exogenous endothelin 3 according to their truncal or cephalic origin. The most striking result is that bipotent progenitors are endowed with self-renewal properties. Thus glia-melanocyte and glia-myofibroblast progenitors behave like stem cells in that they are able both to self-renew and generate a restricted progeny. In our culture conditions, glia-myofibroblast precursors display a modest capacity to self-renew, whereas glia-melanocyte precursors respond to endothelin 3 by extensive self-renewal. These findings may explain the etiology of certain multiphenotypic NC-derived tumors in humans. Moreover, the presence of multiple stem cell phenotypes along the NC-derived lineages may account for the rarity of the "totipotent NC stem cell" and may be related to the large variety and widespread dispersion of NC derivatives throughout the body. [References: 59]
机译：在脊椎动物中，躯干神经c（NC）产生神经胶质，神经元和黑素细胞。另外，它在头部产生间皮真皮衍生物（结缔组织，软骨细胞和衬在血管上的成肌纤维细胞）。先前对禽类NC细胞进行的体外克隆分析揭示了高度多能的分层序列，随后是各种中间祖细胞，这提示了在造血系统中普遍存在的对全能干细胞多种潜能进行逐步限制的模型。但是，哪些祖细胞能够在NC世系的层次结构中自我更新仍然不确定。在这里，我们通过体外系列亚克隆进一步探索了鹌鹑NC细胞的干细胞特性。我们确定了多能和寡能NC祖细胞的类型，这些祖细胞的发育方式，自我维持能力以及根据其截尾或头源性对外源内皮素3的反应均不同。最惊人的结果是双能祖细胞具有自我更新的特性。因此，神经胶质黑素细胞和神经胶质成纤维细胞祖细胞的行为像干细胞，因为它们既能够自我更新又能产生受限制的子代。在我们的培养条件下，神经胶质肌成纤维细胞前体显示出适度的自我更新能力，而神经胶质黑素细胞前体通过广泛的自我更新对内皮素3作出反应。这些发现可能解释了人类某些多表型NC衍生肿瘤的病因。此外，沿着NC衍生的谱系存在多个干细胞表型可能解释了“全能NC干细胞”的稀有性，并且可能与NC衍生物在人体中的多样性和广泛分布有关。 [参考：59]

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