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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >The evolution of culture: from primate social learning to human culture.
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The evolution of culture: from primate social learning to human culture.

机译：文化的演变：从灵长类社会学习到人类文化。

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Cultural transmission in our species works most of the time as a cumulative inheritance system allowing members of a group to incorporate behavioral features not only with a positive biological value but sometimes also with a neutral, or even negative, biological value. Most of models of dual inheritance theory and gene-culture coevolution suggest that an increase, either qualitative or quantitative, in the efficiency of imitation is the key factor to explain the transformation of primate social learning in a cumulative cultural system of inheritance as it happens during hominization. We contend that more efficient imitation is necessary but not enough for this transformation to occur and that the key factor enabling such a transformation is that some hominids developed the capacity to approve or disapprove their offspring's learned behavior. This capacity to approve or disapprove offspring's behavior makes learning both less costly and more accurate, and it transformed the hominid culture into a system of cumulative cultural inheritance similar to that of humans, although the system was still prelinguistic in nature.
机译：在我们的物种中，文化传播在大多数情况下都作为累积继承系统起作用，使一个群体的成员不仅具有积极的生物学价值，而且有时甚至具有中立的，甚至消极的生物学价值，都具有行为特征。双重继承理论和基因-文化共同进化的大多数模型表明，模仿效率的提高（无论是定性还是定量）是解释灵长类社会学习在遗传累积文化体系中转化的关键因素。人性化。我们认为，更有效的模仿是必要的，但不足以使这种转变发生，而实现这种转变的关键因素是有些原始人发展出了认可或不认可其后代学习行为的能力。批准或不批准后代行为的能力使学习成本降低且更加准确，并且将原始人文化转变为与人类相似的累积文化遗产体系，尽管该体系本质上仍是前语言的。

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