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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Genomic analysis of Bacteroides fragilis reveals extensive DNA inversions regulating cell surface adaptation
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Genomic analysis of Bacteroides fragilis reveals extensive DNA inversions regulating cell surface adaptation

机译：脆弱拟杆菌的基因组分析表明，广泛的DNA倒置调节细胞表面适应

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摘要

Bacteroides are predominant human colonic commensals, but the principal pathogenic species, Bacteroides fragilis (BF), lives closely associated with the mucosal surface, whereas a second major species, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BT), concentrates within the colon. We find corresponding differences in their genomes, based on determination of the genome sequence of BF and comparative analysis with BT. Both species have acquired two mechanisms that contribute to their dominance among the colonic microbiota: an exceptional capability to use a wide range of dietary polysaccharides by gene amplification and the capacity to create variable surface antigenicities by multiple DNA inversion systems. However, the gene amplification for polysaccharide assimilation is more developed in BT, in keeping with its internal localization. In contrast, external antigenic structures can be changed more systematically in BF. Thereby, at the mucosal surface, where microbes encounter continuous attack by host defenses, BF evasion of the immune system is favored, and its colonization and infectious potential are increased.
机译：拟杆菌属是人类主要的结肠​​细菌，但主要的致病物种脆弱的拟杆菌（BFactorides）与粘膜表面密切相关，而第二个主要物种拟杆菌（theactotaides thetaiotaomicron）（BT）则集中在结肠内。基于确定BF的基因组序列并与BT进行比较分析，我们发现它们的基因组存在相应的差异。这两个物种都获得了两种机制，以使其在结肠菌群中占主导地位：通过基因扩增使用多种膳食多糖的出色能力，以及通过多个DNA转化系统产生可变表面抗原性的能力。然而，与BT的内部定位一致，多糖同化的基因扩增在BT中更加发达。相反，BF中的外部抗原结构可以更系统地改变。因此，在微生物受到宿主防御的持续攻击的粘膜表面，有利于免疫系统的BF逃避，并且其定殖和感染潜力增加。

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