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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >D-serine and serine racemase are present in the vertebrate retina and contribute to the physiological activation of NMDA receptors
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D-serine and serine racemase are present in the vertebrate retina and contribute to the physiological activation of NMDA receptors

机译：D-丝氨酸和丝氨酸消旋酶存在于脊椎动物的视网膜中，有助于NMDA受体的生理活化

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摘要

D-serine has been proposed as an endogenous modulator of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in many brain regions, but its presence and function in the vertebrate retina have not been characterized. We have detected D-serine and its synthesizing enzyme, serine racemase, in the retinas of several vertebrate species, including salamanders, rats, and mice and have localized both constituents to Muller cells and astrocytes, the two major glial cell types in the retina. Physiological studies in rats and salamanders demonstrated that, in retinal ganglion cells, D-serine can enhance excitatory currents elicited by the application of NMDA, as well as the NMDA receptor component of light-evoked synaptic responses. Application of D-amino acid oxidase, which degrades D-serine, reduced the magnitude of NMDA receptor-mediated currents, raising the possibility that endogenous D-serine serves as a ligand for setting the sensitivity of NMDA receptors under physiological conditions. These observations raise exciting new questions about the role of glial cells in regulating the excitability of neurons through release of D-serine. [References: 44]
机译：已经提出D-丝氨酸在许多脑区域中作为N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体的内源性调节剂，但是其在脊椎动物视网膜中的存在和功能尚未得到表征。我们已经在包括vertebrate，大鼠和小鼠在内的几种脊椎动物的视网膜中检测到D-丝氨酸及其合成酶丝氨酸消旋酶，并将这两种成分定位于视网膜的两种主要神经胶质细胞类型-穆勒细胞和星形胶质细胞。在大鼠和sal中进行的生理研究表明，在视网膜神经节细胞中，D-丝氨酸可以增强因应用NMDA以及光诱发突触反应的NMDA受体成分而引起的兴奋性电流。降解D-丝氨酸的D-氨基酸氧化酶的应用降低了NMDA受体介导的电流的大小，增加了内源性D-丝氨酸作为在生理条件下设定NMDA受体敏感性的配体的可能性。这些观察提出了关于神经胶质细胞通过释放D-丝氨酸调节神经元兴奋性的作用的令人兴奋的新问题。 [参考：44]

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