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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Temporal expression of seven clock genes in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the pars tuberalis of the sheep: Evidence for an internal coincidence timer
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Temporal expression of seven clock genes in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the pars tuberalis of the sheep: Evidence for an internal coincidence timer

机译：绵羊视交叉上核和结节中七个时钟基因的时间表达：内部重合计时器的证据

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摘要

The 24-h expression of seven clock genes (Bmal1, Clock, Per1, Per2, Cry1, Cry2, and CK1ε) was assayed by in situ hybridization in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and the pars tuberalis (PT) of the pituitary gland, collected every 4 h throughout 24 h, from female Soay sheep kept under long (16-h light/8-h dark) or short (8-h light/16-h dark) photoperiods. Locomotor activity was diurnal, inversely related to melatonin secretion, and prolactin levels were increased under long days. All clock genes were expressed in the ovine SCN and PT. In the SCN, there was a 24-h rhythm in Clock expression, in parallel with Bmal1, in antiphase with cycles in Per1 and Per2; there was low-amplitude oscillation of Cry1 and Cry2. The waveform of only Per1 and Per2 expression was affected by photoperiod, with extended elevated expression under long days. In the PT, the high-amplitude 24-h cycles in the expression of Bmal1, Clock, Per1, Per2, Cry1, and Cry2, but not CK1ε, were influenced by photoperiod. Per1 and Per2 peaked during the day, whereas Cry1 and Cry2 peaked early in the night. Hence, photo-period via melatonin had a marked effect on the phase relationship between Per/Cry genes in the PT. This supports the conclusion that an "external coincidence model" best explains the way photoperiod affects the waveform of clock gene expression in the SCN, the central pacemaker, whereas an "internal coincidence model" best explains the way melatonin affects the phasing of clock gene expression in the PT to mediate the photoperiodic control of a summer or winter physiology.
机译：通过原位杂交在垂体上视神经核（SCN）和腮腺（pars tuberalis）（PT）中检测了七个时钟基因（Bmal1，Clock，Per1，Per2，Cry1，Cry2和CK1ε）的24小时表达，在整个24小时内，每4小时从雌性Soay绵羊中收集一次，这些绵羊保持在长（16小时光照/ 8小时黑暗）或短时（8小时光照/ 16小时黑暗）光周期下。运动能力是昼夜活动，与褪黑激素分泌成反比，长期服用催乳激素水平会升高。所有时钟基因均在绵羊SCN和PT中表达。在SCN中，与Bmal1平行，在Clock表达中有一个24小时的节奏，与Per1和Per2中的周期相反。 Cry1和Cry2出现低幅振荡。仅Per1和Per2表达的波形受光周期的影响，在较长的日子中表达会延长。在PT中，Bmal1，Clock，Per1，Per2，Cry1和Cry2而不是CK1ε的表达中的高振幅24小时周期受光周期的影响。 Per1和Per2在白天达到峰值，而Cry1和Cry2在深夜达到峰值。因此，通过褪黑激素的光周期对PT中Per / Cry基因之间的相位关系具有显着影响。这支持以下结论：“外部重合模型”最好地解释了光周期如何影响中央起搏器SCN中时钟基因表达的波形，而“内部重合模型”最好地解释了褪黑激素影响时钟基因表达定相的方式。在PT中介导夏季或冬季生理的光周期控制。

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