...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Testosterone in utero and at birth dictates how stressful experience will affect learning in adulthood
【24h】

Testosterone in utero and at birth dictates how stressful experience will affect learning in adulthood

机译：子宫内和出生时的睾丸激素决定了压力经历将如何影响成年后的学习

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Exposure to an acute stressful event can enhance learning in male rats, whereas exposure to the same event dramatically impairs performance in females. Here we tested whether the presence of sex hormones during early development organizes these opposite effects of stress on learning in males vs. females. In the first experiment, males were castrated at birth whereas females were injected with testosterone. Rats were trained as adults on the hippocampal-dependent learning task of trace eyeblink conditioning. Performance in adult males that had been castrated at birth was still enhanced by exposure to an acute stressful experience. However, adult females injected with testosterone at birth responded in the opposite direction, i.e., exposure to the stressor that typically reduces performance instead enhanced their levels of conditioning. In the second experiment, exposure to testosterone was manipulated in utero by injecting pregnant females with a testosterone antagonist. After foster rearing, adult offspring were exposed to the stressor and trained on the hippocampal-dependent learning task of trace conditioning. Although performance in adult females was unaffected by antagonizing testosterone in utero. i.e., stress still reduced performance, the enhancement of conditioning after stress in adult males was prevented. Thus, the presence of sex hormones during gestation and development organizes whether and how acute stressful experience will affect the ability to acquire new information in adulthood. As with many sexual behaviors, these cognitive responses to stress appear to be masculinized by exposure to testosterone and feminized by its absence during very early development.
机译：暴露于急性应激事件可增强雄性大鼠的学习，而暴露于同一事件则极大地损害雌性大鼠的表现。在这里，我们测试了在早期发育过程中性激素的存在是否组织了压力对男性和女性学习的相反作用。在第一个实验中，男性在出生时就被cast割，而女性则注射了睾丸激素。大鼠在成年后接受了海马依赖的微量眨眼调节学习任务的训练。暴露于急性压力经历下，出生时cast割的成年男性的表现仍得到提高。然而，在出生时注射睾丸激素的成年女性的反应却相反，即，暴露于压力源通常会降低性能，反而会增强她们的调节水平。在第二个实验中，通过向怀孕的女性注射睾丸激素拮抗剂来控制子宫内睾丸激素的暴露。寄养后，将成年后代暴露于应激源下并接受有关海马依赖的微量条件调节学习任务的培训。尽管成年女性的表现不受子宫内睾丸激素拮抗的影响。就是说，压力仍然降低了性能，阻止了成年男性在压力后的调理。因此，妊娠和发育过程中性激素的存在可以组织急性应激体验是否以及如何影响成年后获取新信息的能力。与许多性行为一样，这些对压力的认知反应似乎通过暴露于睾丸激素而被男性化，而由于在早期发育中不存在而被女性化。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号