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首页> 外文期刊>Process safety progress >Beirut ammonium nitrate explosion: Are not we really learning anything?
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Beirut ammonium nitrate explosion: Are not we really learning anything?

机译：贝鲁姆硝酸铵爆炸：我们不是真的学习什么吗？

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摘要

Disasters caused by large-scale ammonium nitrate (AN) detonations initiated by fires are well known. The Beirut explosion is again a very sad event with disastrous consequences, but it is not a surprise in the sense of a new phenomenon. It is tragic that calamities with AN occur despite ample guidelines for prevention. Knowledge of the decomposition of AN over the years has greatly progressed, as well how to initiate a detonation with a strong shock wave from a high explosive charge. However, to reproduce the initiation of a detonation by a fire under controlled laboratory conditions never succeeded. The details of the transition of decomposing AN to a detonation remained an open question. Is it a deflagration to detonation mechanism, or is it a shock to detonation one? Knowledge of this may further help process safety measures for the product. The paper will bring research contributions from over a century together, it will develop a scenario how this disaster could happen in Beirut, how much of the AN contributed to the blast, and how further research effort could be beneficial. In addition, the paper estimates the TNT mass equivalent of the AN detonation in Beirut employing three different methods.
机译：由火灾引发的大规模硝酸铵（AN）引起的灾害是众所周知的。贝鲁特爆炸又是一个非常悲惨的事件，具有灾难性的后果，但在一种新现象的意义上并不奇怪。尽管有充分的预防准则，但灾难发生了灾害。多年来，对多年来的分解知识大大进展，以及如何从高爆炸充电开始引发强烈冲击波的爆轰。然而，在受控实验室条件下再现火灾的发起，从未成功过的火灾。分解对爆炸的转变的细节仍然是一个公开的问题。它是对爆炸机制的否定，还是爆炸一个震动？了解这可能进一步帮助处理产品的安全措施。本文将带来一个多个世纪的研究贡献，它将制定这种灾难如何发生在贝鲁特的情景，这是如何对爆炸的贡献，以及进一步的研究工作可能是有益的。此外，本文估计了采用三种不同方法的贝鲁特爆炸的TNT质量等同。

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  • 来源
    《Process safety progress》 |2020年第4期|e12203.1-e12203.18|共18页
  • 作者

    Hans J. Pasman; Charline Fouchier; Sunhwa Park; Noor Quddus; Delphine Laboureur;

  • 作者单位

    TEES Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center Texas A & M University System College Station Texas;

    Environmental and Applied Fluid Dynamics Department von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics Sint Genesius Rode Belgium;

    TEES Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center Texas A & M University System College Station Texas;

    TEES Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center Texas A & M University System College Station Texas;

    TEES Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center Texas A & M University System College Station Texas Environmental and Applied Fluid Dynamics Department von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics Sint Genesius Rode Belgium;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    ammonium nitrate; Beirut explosion; detonation; thermal decomposition; TNT equivalency;

    机译：硝酸铵;贝鲁特爆炸;爆炸;热分解;TNT等效;

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