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Managing Electricity Peak Loads in Make-To-Stock Manufacturing Lines

机译：管理按库存生产线中的用电高峰负荷

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摘要

In this article, we study the control of stochastic make-to-stock manufacturing lines in the presence of electricity costs. Electricity costs are difficult to manage because unit costs increase with the total load, that is, the amount of electricity needed by the manufacturing line at a certain point in time. We demonstrate that standard methods for controlling manufacturing lines cannot be used and that standard analytic results for stochastic manufacturing lines do not hold in the presence of electricity costs. We develop a control policy that balances electricity costs with inventory holding and backorder costs. We derive closed-form expressions and analytic properties of the expected total cost for manufacturing lines with two workstations and demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the policy for manufacturing lines with more than two workstations. The results indicate that avoiding electricity peak loads requires additional investment in manufacturing capacity and higher inventory and backorder costs. Our approach also applies to companies which aim at reducing their carbon emissions in addition to their operating costs.
机译：在本文中，我们研究了存在电力成本的随机按库存生产线的控制。电力成本难以管理，因为单位成本会随着总负荷（即生产线在特定时间点所需的电量）的增加而增加。我们证明了不能使用用于控制生产线的标准方法，并且在存在电力成本的情况下，用于随机生产线的标准分析结果也不成立。我们制定了控制政策，以平衡电力成本与库存持有和缺货成本。我们推导了具有两个工作站的生产线的预期总成本的闭式表达式和分析属性，并演示了具有两个以上工作站的生产线的策略的准确性和鲁棒性。结果表明，要避免用电高峰负荷，就需要在制造能力上增加投资，并增加库存和缺货成本。我们的方法也适用于旨在降低运营成本之外的碳排放的公司。

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