When constructing control charts, the process mean (derived from process data) is calculated and plotted along with the upper and lower control limits (UCL and LCL), along with the collected process data that were used to calculate the process mean. Depending on the specific control chart being constructed, the formulas for calculating the process mean and the UCL and LCL will differ slightly. Typically, the following mathematical operations need to be conducted when developing control charts: 1.Calculation of a sum of numbers (∑). 2.Calculation of the arithmetic mean ((-x)) for a set of numbers; these types of calculations are used to determine the process mean and an average sample size (for use in calculating the UCL and LCL).
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机译：完整的 O （ α s 2 ） 对结构函数 g 1 ， 2 < / mml：mrow> e p （ x ， Q 2 ） ， F 1 ， < mml：mn> 2 ， L e p （ < mml：mi> x ， Q 2 ） ， F 1 ， 2 ， 3 ν （ ν ˉ ） （ x ， Q 2 ） 和相关的求和规则
机译：识字和算术磁性图。白色磁性片，可轻松放置在白板上。各种类型的图表，包括大型写作图表，Andrewa的电磁数学表格和学生魔术写作图表。图表可以水平（600x900mm）或（250x200mm）或垂直（900mmx600mm）排列。写作图表用虚线表示。粗线为蓝色，虚线为红色。 Andrewa的Magnetic Math Grid由50x50mm的蓝色方块组成;网格为594x841mm，由十七行十一列组成。
