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People-Based Safety

机译：以人为本的安全

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摘要

An injury-free workplace requires attention to three domains: the environment (including tools, equipment and climate of the work setting); the person (including employee knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and personalities); and behavior (including safe and at-risk work practices, as well as interpersonal conversation). These factors are interactive, dynamic and reciprocal. Influencing one factor will eventually impact the other two. For example, changes in the environment have indirect effects on peoples' behaviors and attitudes, and behavior change usually results in attitude change and some change in the environment. Thus, to achieve and maintain an injury-free workplace, employers must address each of these domains daily as part of their efforts to remove environmental hazards, decrease at-risk behaviors, increase safe behaviors, and provide more user-friendly or economically sound workstations. Such continual attention to the safety-related aspects of work environments, behaviors, perceptions and attitudes requires people to go beyond the call of duty for occupational safety and health―which is termed "actively caring" [Geller(h)]. Research in social psychology (Cialdini; Schroeder, et al), applied behavior analysis [Geller(e); (f); (i); Geller and Williams; McSween]; and person-based psychology [Geller(a); (b)] provide principles and practical strategies for increasing a sense of interde-pendency and actively caring behavior throughout a work culture. These are reviewed in this article.
机译：无伤害的工作场所需要关注三个领域：环境（包括工具，设备和工作环境）；该人（包括员工的知识，态度，信念和个性）；和行为（包括安全和有风险的工作习惯，以及人际对话）。这些因素是互动的，动态的和相互的。影响一个因素最终将影响其他两个因素。例如，环境的变化对人们的行为和态度有间接影响，而行为的变化通常会导致态度的变化和环境的某些变化。因此，为了实现和维持无伤害的工作场所，雇主必须每天解决这些领域中的每一个问题，以消除环境危害，减少高风险行为，增加安全行为并提供更加用户友好或经济合理的工作站。对工作环境，行为，观念和态度中与安全相关的方面的这种持续关注要求人们超越职业安全与卫生的职责范围，这被称为“积极关怀” [Geller（h）]。社会心理学研究（Cialdini； Schroeder等），应用行为分析[Geller（e）; （F）; （一世）;盖勒和威廉姆斯； McSween];和基于人的心理学[Geller（a）; （b）]提供原则和实用策略，以增强相互依存感并在整个工作文化中积极关怀行为。本文对此进行了概述。

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