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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma >Possible roles of actin and myosin during anaphase chromosome movements in locust spermatocytes
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Possible roles of actin and myosin during anaphase chromosome movements in locust spermatocytes

机译：肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白在蝗虫精细胞后期染色体运动中的可能作用

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We tested whether the mechanisms of chromosome movement during anaphase in locust (Locusta migratoria L.) spermatocytes might be similar to those described for crane-fly spermatocytes. Actin and myosin have been implicated in anaphase chromosome movements in crane-fly spermatocytes, as indicated by the effects of inhibitors and by the localisations of actin and myosin in spindles. In this study, we tested whether locust spermatocyte spindles also utilise actin and myosin, and whether actin is involved in microtubule flux. Living locust spermatocytes were treated with inhibitors of actin (latrunculin B and cytochalasin D), myosin (BDM), or myosin phosphorylation (Y-27632 and ML-7). We added drugs (individually) during anaphase. Actin inhibitors alter anaphase: chromosomes either completely stop moving, slow, or sometimes accelerate. The myosin inhibitor, BDM, also alters anaphase: in most cases, the chromosomes drastically slow or stop. ML-7, an inhibitor of MLCK, causes chromosomes to stop, slow, or sometimes accelerate, similar to actin inhibitors. Y-27632, an inhibitor of Rho-kinase, drastically slows or stops anaphase chromosome movements. The effects of the drugs on anaphase movement are reversible: most of the half-bivalents resumed movement at normal speed after these drugs were washed out. Actin and myosin were present in the spindles in locations consistent with their possible involvement in force production. Microtubule flux along kinetochore fibres is an actin-dependent process, since LatB completely removes or drastically reduces the gap in microtubule acetylation at the kinetochore. These results suggest that actin and myosin are involved in anaphase chromosome movements in locust spermatocytes.
机译：我们测试了蝗虫（Locusta migratoria L.）精母细胞后期染色体移动的机制是否可能与描述的鹤蝇精母细胞相似。如抑制剂的作用以及肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白在纺锤体中的定位所表明的那样，肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白已牵涉到鹤蝇精母细胞的后期染色体运动中。在这项研究中，我们测试了蝗虫精细胞纺锤体是否也利用肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白，以及肌动蛋白是否参与微管通量。用肌动蛋白（latrunculin B和细胞松弛素D），肌球蛋白（BDM）或肌球蛋白磷酸化（Y-27632和ML-7）的抑制剂处理活的蝗虫精母细胞。我们在后期添加了药物（单独）。肌动蛋白抑制剂改变后期：染色体完全停止移动，缓慢或有时加速。肌球蛋白抑制剂BDM也改变后期：在大多数情况下，染色体急剧减慢或停止。 ML-7是MLCK的抑制剂，它使染色体停止，变慢或有时加速，类似于肌动蛋白抑制剂。 Y-27632是Rho激酶的抑制剂，可大大减慢或停止后期染色体的移动。药物对后期运动的影响是可逆的：冲洗掉这些药物后，大多数二价半价分子以正常速度恢复运动。肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白存在于纺锤体中与其可能参与力产生一致的位置。沿着动线粒纤维的微管通量是依赖肌动蛋白的过程，因为LatB完全消除或大大减小了动粒线处微管乙酰化的间隙。这些结果表明肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白参与了蝗虫精细胞的后期染色体运动。

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