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首页> 外文期刊>Psychological medicine >Attribution style and psychosis: evidence for an externalizing bias in patients but not in individuals at high risk.
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Attribution style and psychosis: evidence for an externalizing bias in patients but not in individuals at high risk.

机译：归因方式和精神病：证据表明患者存在外在偏见，但高风险个体则没有。

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BACKGROUND: The aims of the study were to investigate whether (i) patients with lifetime presence of non-affective psychosis show an external-personal attribution bias for negative events, (ii) this attribution style can also be detected in first-degree relatives of patients with psychosis and subjects with subclinical psychotic experiences, and (iii) this attribution style is related to the presence of psychotic symptoms, in particular delusions. METHOD: Participants were 23 patients with lifetime presence of non-affective psychosis, a high- risk group of 36 first-degree relatives of patients with non-affective psychosis, a high-risk group of 31 subjects with subclinical psychotic experiences and 46 normal controls. Attribution style was measured by the Internal, Personal and Situational Attribution Questionnaire. Positive symptoms were assessed with the Present State Examination (PSE) and the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS). RESULTS: Relative to the controls, an externalizing bias was apparent in the patient group (beta = 0.20, p = 0.03) but not in the two high-risk groups. There was a dose-response association between externalizing bias and the delusions subscale of the PSE (relative to lowest level: highest level of delusions: beta = 0.53, p = 0.04; intermediate levels of delusions: beta = 0.23, p = 0.35). No significant differences were found in personalizing bias between the four groups. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with psychosis tend to use an externalizing bias in their explanations of negative social events, and this bias is associated with the presence of positive psychotic symptoms, in particular delusions. A deviant attribution style is not part of the vulnerability to psychosis.
机译：背景：这项研究的目的是调查（i）终生存在非情感性精神病的患者是否对消极事件表现出外部人格归因偏见，（ii）这种归类方式也可以在以下情况的一级亲属中发现：患有精神病的患者和具有亚临床精神病经历的受试者，并且（iii）这种归因风格与精神病症状的存在有关，尤其是妄想。方法：参与者为23例终生存在非情感性精神病的患者，一个高风险组，非情感性精神病患者的36个一级亲属，一个高风险组，具有亚临床精神病经验的31个受试者和46个正常对照。归因方式通过内部，个人和情境归因问卷进行测量。阳性症状通过当前状态检查（PSE）和阳性症状评估量表（SAPS）进行评估。结果：相对于对照组，患者组有明显的外在偏倚（β= 0.20，p = 0.03），而在两个高风险组中则没有。在外在偏见和PSE妄想量表之间存在剂量反应关系（相对于最低水平：最高妄想水平：beta = 0.53，p = 0.04；中间妄想水平：beta = 0.23，p = 0.35）。在四组之间的个性化偏见上没有发现显着差异。结论：精神病患者在对负面社会事件的解释中倾向于使用外在偏见，并且这种偏见与积极精神病症状的存在有关，尤其是妄想。异常的归因风格不是易患精神病的一部分。

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