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The antidepressant effects of physical activity: Mediating self-esteem and self-efficacy mechanisms

机译：体育活动的抗抑郁作用：介导自尊和自我效能机制

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The investigation of physiological mechanisms responsible for the antidepressant effects of physical activity has been hampered by the failure to control adequately for psychosocial effects and the failure to control for participant expectancies concerning exercise outcomes. This retrospective, cross-sectional study of 188 male and 193 female undergraduates used structural regression modeling to assess the adequacy of the revised version of the Exercise and Self-Esteem Model (EXSEM; Sonstroem, R. J., Harlow, L. L., & Josephs, L. (1994). Exercise and self-esteem: Validity of model expansion and exercise associations. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 16, 29-42), a modified version of that model, and an Exercise Self-Esteem and Efficacy Model (EXSEEM). Direct effects of physical activity on depressive symptomatology (SCL90R-D; Derogatis, L. R. (1994). SCL-90-R: Administration, scoring, and procedures manual—II for the revised version (2nd ed.). Towson, MD: Clinical Psychometric Research) were obtained using a disguised-measures procedure to minimize expectancy artifacts. However, direct activity effects were negligible when activity-based esteem and efficacy effects were added to the structural regression model. Eliminating direct physical-activity effects did not reduce the quality of fit of the EXSEEM model nor the variance accounted for in SCL90R-D scores. Direct effects of physical-self esteem, but not global self-esteem, on SCL90R-D scores were found for females. Conversely, direct effects of global self-esteem, but not physical self-esteem, on SCL90R-D scores were found for males. Supplementary analyses indicated that scheduling efficacy for aerobic exercise had a direct effect on SCL90R-D scores for males and females, but task efficacy had direct effects only on perceived endurance for both males and females. These findings are consistent with the proposed EXSEEM model and imply that independent self-esteem and self-efficacy mechanisms are sufficient to account for the antidepressant effects of physical activity. Implications for enhancing the antidepressant benefits of physical activity are considered.
机译：未能充分控制心理社会效应以及未能控制参与者对运动结果的预期，阻碍了对体育活动的抗抑郁作用负责的生理机制的研究。这项针对188名男性和193名女性大学生的回顾性横断面研究使用结构回归模型来评估运动和自尊模型修订版（EXSEM; Sonstroem，RJ，Harlow，LL，＆Josephs，L. （1994）。运动和自尊：模型扩展和运动关联的有效性。运动与运动心理学杂志，第16期，第29-42页），该模型的修改版，以及运动自尊和效能模型（EXSEEM） ）。体育活动对抑郁症状的直接影响（SCL90R-D; Derogatis，LR（1994）。SCL-90-R：管理，评分和程序手册-II，修订版（第二版）。Towson，MD：临床心理测量研究）是使用变相测量程序获得的，以最大程度地减少预期假象。但是，将基于活动的自尊和功效效应添加到结构回归模型中时，直接活动效应可以忽略不计。消除直接的体育活动影响不会降低EXSEEM模型的拟合质量，也不会降低SCL90R-D得分中的差异。发现身体自尊对女性的SCL90R-D得分具有直接影响，但对全局自尊没有影响。相反，发现男性的总体自尊对身体的自尊没有直接影响，但对SCL90R-D得分却没有影响。补充分析表明，安排有氧运动的有效性对男性和女性的SCL90R-D得分具有直接影响，但任务有效性仅对男性和女性的感知耐力具有直接影响。这些发现与提出的EXSEEM模型是一致的，并且暗示独立的自尊和自我效能机制足以说明体育锻炼的抗抑郁作用。考虑了增强体育锻炼的抗抑郁作用的含义。

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