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Science-religion compatibility beliefs across Middle Eastern and American young adult samples: The role of cross-cultural exposure

机译：中东和美国年轻人样本中的科学与宗教相容性信念：跨文化接触的作用

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Research shows that people in predominantly Christian cultures tend to perceive a basic tension between science and religion, which is not reflected in predominantly Muslim cultures. In this cross-cultural study comparing Christian university students in the United States and Muslim university students in the United Arab Emirates, we examined time spent in Western countries (for UAE students) or overseas (for American students) as predictors of perceived religion-science compatibility. Drawing upon the notion that science is viewed as more secular in Christianity than in Islam, we hypothesized and found that among UAE students, number of weeks per year spent in the West correlated negatively with religion-science compatibility beliefs. This relationship held even when controlling for science knowledge, suggesting that it results not from epistemological opposition to science but from an increasing exposure to the idea that science should be seen as a secular institution. Among American students, number of weeks per year spent overseas and religion-science compatibility beliefs were not associated. Implications for perceptions of science among different religious groups and in different cultural contexts are discussed.
机译：研究表明，以基督教为主的人们倾向于感知科学与宗教之间的基本矛盾，这在以穆斯林为主的文化中并未得到体现。在这项跨文化研究中，我们比较了美国的基督教大学生和阿拉伯联合酋长国的穆斯林大学生，我们研究了在西方国家（阿联酋学生）或海外（美国学生）所花费的时间，作为感知宗教科学的预测指标兼容性。根据这样一种观念，我们假设科学在基督教中比在伊斯兰中被认为是世俗的，我们假设并发现，在阿联酋学生中，每年在西方度过的周数与宗教-科学相容性信念负相关。即使在控制科学知识时，这种关系仍然存在，这表明这种关系并非源于认识论上对科学的反对，而是源于人们越来越多地将科学视为世俗机构的观点。在美国学生中，每年在海外度过的星期数与宗教科学相容性信念没有关联。讨论了不同宗教群体之间和不同文化背景下对科学观念的暗示。

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