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首页> 外文期刊>Regional Environmental Change >Grain, meat and vegetables to feed Paris: where did and do they come from? Localising Paris food supply areas from the eighteenth to the twenty-first century
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Grain, meat and vegetables to feed Paris: where did and do they come from? Localising Paris food supply areas from the eighteenth to the twenty-first century

机译：粮食，肉类和蔬菜供巴黎食用：它们是从哪里来的？从18世纪到21世纪将巴黎的食品供应区域本地化

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摘要

The food supply to a large metropolis such as Paris involves huge fluxes of goods, which considerably impact the surrounding rural territories. Here, we present an attempt to localise Paris food supply areas, over a period of two centuries (1786, 1886, 2006), based on the analysis of data from transportation and production statistics for cereals, animal products, and fruits and vegetables, all three categories being expressed in terms of their nitrogen (i.e. protein) content. The results show contrasting trends for the three types of agricultural products. As for cereals, the Paris supply area remained for the most part restricted to the central area of the Paris basin, a region which gradually became specialised in intensive cereal production. Conversely, as animal farming had been progressively excluded from this area, regions located west and north of Paris (Brittany, Normandy, Nord-Pas-de-Calais) gradually dominated the supply of animal products to the metropolis. In addition, imported feed from South America today contributes as much as one-third of the total ration of feed in the livestock raised in these regions. For fruits and vegetables, about one-half of the Paris supply currently comes from long-distance imports, the other half coming from areas less than 200 km from Paris. As a whole, the Paris food supply area, although it has obviously enlarged in recent periods, is still anchored to an unexpected extent (about 50%) in its traditional nearby hinterland roughly coinciding with the Seine watershed, and in the regions specialised in animal farming located west and north. On the other hand, the agricultural system of the main food supply areas has considerably opened to global markets.
机译：诸如巴黎这样的大都市的食品供应涉及大量的商品流通，这极大地影响了周围的农村地区。在此，我们基于对谷物，动物产品以及水果和蔬菜的运输和生产统计数据的分析，提出了两个世纪（1786年，1886年，2006年）的巴黎食品供应地区的本地化尝试。氮（即蛋白质）含量表示为三类。结果显示三种农产品的趋势形成对比。至于谷物，巴黎的供应地区大部分仍限于巴黎盆地的中心地区，该地区逐渐专门从事集约化谷物生产。相反，由于畜牧业已逐渐被排除在该区域之外，位于巴黎西部和北部的地区（布列塔尼，诺曼底，北加来海峡）则逐渐主导了向该大都市提供动物产品的过程。此外，今天，从南美进口的饲料占这些地区饲养的牲畜饲料总量的三分之一。就水果和蔬菜而言，目前巴黎约一半的供应来自长途进口，另一半来自距巴黎不到200公里的地区。总体而言，巴黎食品供应区虽然在最近一段时间明显扩大，但仍以其塞纳河流域大致相吻合的传统附近腹地以及动物专门区域以惊人的程度（约50％）锚定农业位于西部和北部。另一方面，主要粮食供应地区的农业系统已向全球市场相当开放。

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