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Rural settlement expansion and paddy soil loss across an ex-urbanizing watershed in eastern coastal China during market transition

机译：市场过渡期间中国东部沿海地区过度城市化的农村定居点扩张和稻田水土流失

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摘要

Historically, paddy soils are the most valuable natural resources that produce about 90% of staple food in eastern coastal China. Dispersed patterns of rapid rural settlement expansion, or "exurban", are recognized as key threats to the region's food security through paddy soil loss. Analyzing the process of ex-urbanization and its impact has profound implications for the sustainable development of rural China. Based on official statistics and data derived from satellite images, dynamics of rural settlement expansion and paddy soil loss were outlined for Tiaoxi watershed during China's market transition period (1994-2003). Particularly, rural settlements became more aggregated and total area expanded by 183% at an average rate of 12.3% per year for the whole watershed. Existing cores, open areas away from urban centers and areas near major transportation lines and river channels, observed the highest specialization in rural residential growth. Being closely associated with rural settlement in spatial distribution, open large paddy soil patches acted as another kind of center for rural settlement expansion within the landscape. Variations in rural settlement expansion were detected among different-tier counties, such as speed of rural settlement expansion, speed of build-ups growth per capita. These variations were closely related to social-economic development. The rapid rural settlement expansion led to a considerable loss of paddy soil, about 11% of the total amount for the whole watershed. Linear regression identified a significant relationship between paddy soil loss and rural settlement expansion. Given the social and ecological problems associated with paddy soil loss, we argue that innovative and effective planning policies as well as management programs that target at paddy soil protection should be developed and implemented in rural China. In particular, we suggest using watershed as an appropriate spatial unit for sustainable paddy soil management in this investigation.
机译：从历史上看，稻田土壤是中国东部沿海地区最有价值的自然资源，可生产约90％的主食。迅速发展的农村定居点或“郊区”的分散形式被公认为是稻田水土流失对该地区粮食安全的主要威胁。分析前城市化进程及其影响，对中国农村的可持续发展具有深远的意义。根据官方统计数据和卫星图像数据，概述了中国市场过渡时期（1994-2003年）跳溪流域的农村居民点扩展和稻田水土流失的动态。特别是，整个流域的农村居民点更加集聚，总面积以每年平均12.3％的速度增长183％。现有的核心地区，远离城市中心的空旷地区以及靠近主要交通线和河道的地区，在农村居民住房增长方面的专业化程度最高。在空间分布上与农村居民点紧密相关，开放的大片水稻土斑块是景观中农村居民点扩展的另一种中心。在不同等级的县之间，农村定居点扩张的变化被发现，例如农村定居点扩张的速度，人均建筑面积增长的速度。这些差异与社会经济发展密切相关。农村居民点的迅速扩大导致稻田土壤大量流失，约占整个流域总量的11％。线性回归确定了稻田水土流失与农村居民点扩张之间的显着关系。考虑到与稻田水土流失相关的社会和生态问题，我们认为在中国农村应该制定和实施针对稻田水土保持的创新有效的规划政策和管理计划。特别是，我们建议在此调查中将分水岭作为可持续稻田土壤管理的适当空间单位。

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  • 来源
    《Regional Environmental Change》 |2011年第3期|p.651-662|共12页
  • 作者

    Shiliang Su; Qi Zhang; Zhonghao Zhang; Junjun Zhi; Jiaping Wu;

  • 作者单位

    College of Environment and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;

    College of Environment and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;

    College of Environment and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;

    College of Environment and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;

    College of Environment and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;

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  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    rural settlement expansion; paddy soil; ex-urbanization; watershed; china;

    机译：农村居民点扩大;水稻土前城市化分水岭中国;

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